Os maus-tratos a crianças : representações das crianças sobre a família e o risco psicossocial
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2012
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A escolha do tema da presente investigação baseou-se, fundamentalmente, no desejo de aprofundar a problemática do risco psicossocial na infância através do discurso das próprias crianças acedendo, para isso, às suas vivências, representações e significados.
Assumimos, assim, como objetivo principal perceber que representações sociais têm as crianças em relação ao conceito de família e de risco psicossocial.
Neste contexto, a vontade de dar “voz” à criança levou-nos a adotar uma abordagem de carácter qualitativo, sendo que o design metodológico utilizado é o estudo de caso porque se pretende conhecer com maior profundidade as representações sociais de um grupo de crianças sobre a família e o risco psicossocial sendo que, as singularidades da situação selecionada como objeto de estudo não são passíveis de generalizações empíricas sendo apenas aplicáveis à realidade específica da Comissão de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens em Perigo (CPCJ) de Castelo Branco.
Assim, partindo do pressuposto de que as crianças são atores sociais competentes para a interpretação da realidade social em que se inserem, tentámos, segundo a sua perspetiva, compreender quais são as faces do risco no espaço familiar considerando a sua prática e experiência tentando, ainda, por um lado, perceber como se posicionam perante as práticas parentais utilizadas na família e por outro, perceber se apesar de serem crianças inseridas em contextos de risco/perigo, devidamente identificadas, se isso influencia a sua perceção sobre o conceito de família.
Ao longo dos discursos foi percetível que apesar das crianças estarem inseridas em contexto de risco/perigo as mesmas não se consideram como tal sendo que, na sua generalidade, desconhecem os motivos que conduziram à sua sinalização. As crianças, conseguem, de facto, identificar e mencionar fatores de risco na sua própria família, no entanto, não se revêm numa situação de risco/perigo. Assim, as crianças deste estudo, têm uma imagem positiva acerca da família mas os seus discursos fazem transparecer inúmeros sentimentos de insegurança e carência.
The choice of the theme for this investigation is fundamentally based on te desire to deepen the problem area of the psychosocial risks in infancy through the children’s own discussions, accessing for this reason to their life experience, representations and meanings It is therefore taken that the main objective of the study is to understand the social representations that the children have in relation to the concept of family and psychosocial risks. In this context, the wish to give the child a “voice”, has lead us to adopt a qualitative approach. The design methodology used is a case study because the intention is to understand in greater detail the social representations on the family from a group of children and the psychosocial risks. The singularities of the situation selected as the study matter mean that empirical generalisations can not be made, these can only be applied to the specific reality of the Comissão de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens em Perigo (CPCJ) de Castelo Branco (The Castelo Branco Commission for the Protection of Children and Young People in Danger). Therefore, working on the assumption that children are competent social actors to interpret the social reality in which they live, we have attempted, from their perspective, to understand what the sides of risks are in the family space. This while taking into consideration their practice and experience. Furthermore, on the other hand, understanding how they position themselves in view of the parental practices used in the family and also understand if, although they are children in specifically identified risky/dangerous contexts, does this influence their perception on the concept of family. During the discussions it was perceptible that even though the children were in risky/dangerous contexts these do not consider themselves as so being. So, in general, they are unaware of the motives that have led to them being identified. The children are in fact able to identify and mention risk factors in their own family, however they do not recognize themselves as being at risk or in danger. The children in this study have therefore a positive image of family but their discussions make it apparent that there are numerous feelings of insecurity and neediness.
The choice of the theme for this investigation is fundamentally based on te desire to deepen the problem area of the psychosocial risks in infancy through the children’s own discussions, accessing for this reason to their life experience, representations and meanings It is therefore taken that the main objective of the study is to understand the social representations that the children have in relation to the concept of family and psychosocial risks. In this context, the wish to give the child a “voice”, has lead us to adopt a qualitative approach. The design methodology used is a case study because the intention is to understand in greater detail the social representations on the family from a group of children and the psychosocial risks. The singularities of the situation selected as the study matter mean that empirical generalisations can not be made, these can only be applied to the specific reality of the Comissão de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens em Perigo (CPCJ) de Castelo Branco (The Castelo Branco Commission for the Protection of Children and Young People in Danger). Therefore, working on the assumption that children are competent social actors to interpret the social reality in which they live, we have attempted, from their perspective, to understand what the sides of risks are in the family space. This while taking into consideration their practice and experience. Furthermore, on the other hand, understanding how they position themselves in view of the parental practices used in the family and also understand if, although they are children in specifically identified risky/dangerous contexts, does this influence their perception on the concept of family. During the discussions it was perceptible that even though the children were in risky/dangerous contexts these do not consider themselves as so being. So, in general, they are unaware of the motives that have led to them being identified. The children are in fact able to identify and mention risk factors in their own family, however they do not recognize themselves as being at risk or in danger. The children in this study have therefore a positive image of family but their discussions make it apparent that there are numerous feelings of insecurity and neediness.
Descrição
Orientação : Marlene Braz Rodrigues
Palavras-chave
SERVIÇO SOCIAL, SOCIAL WORK, FAMÍLIA, FAMILY, INFÂNCIA, CHILDHOOD, REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS, SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS, PSICOSSOCIOLOGIA, PSYCHOSOCIOLOGY, MESTRADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL E POLÍTICA SOCIAL