The relationship between sedentary behavior, physical activity and cardio respiratory fitness, with carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents
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Data
2014
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O Espessamento do complexo Intima-Média da artéria Carótida (EIM) é um indicador fiável do desenvolvimento aterosclerótico primário, estando associado à obesidade e inversamente associado à Aptidão Cardiorespiratória (ApCR). Desta forma, o Comportamento Sedentário, bem como a Actividade Física (AF) podem estar relacionados com o EIM.
O principal objectivo desta dissertação foi analizar a relação entre o Comportamento Sedentário, a AF, a ApCR e o EIM em adolescentes obesos, uma vez que estes podem representar o grupo pediátrico de maior risco de desenvolvimeto do EIM e aterosclerose primária.
Foram realizados, uma revisão sistemática de literatura e um estudo transversal de forma a analizar esta relação. Na revisão sistemática de literatura foram identificados estudos experimentais que se focassem a AF e o EIM. Para o estudo transversal foram recrutados 54 adolescentes obesos com idades compreendidas entre os 13 e os 17 anos. Os dados antropométricos, o Comportamento Sedentário, a AF, a ApCR (VO2 max) e o EIM foram avaliados.
Na revisão sistemática de literatura foram incuídos seis estudos, num total de 313 participantes com idades entre os 7 e os 16 anos. Dos seis estudos incluídos, dois não reportaram melhorias no EIM após a intervenção, possivelmente devido à duração da intervenção ou à intensidade do exercício prescrito. Por outro lado, os grupos de controlo revelaram um aumento tendêncial do EIM. Adicionalmente, o estudo transversal mostrou uma correlação positiva entre o EIM e a AF leve (r(38)=.36, p=.024) , bem como com a AF moderada (r(38)=.37, p=.018), mas não com o tempo em Comportamento Sedentário. A ApCR mostrou-se inversamente correlacionada com o EIM (r(40)=-.36, p=.019).
O efeito benéfico da AF no EIM em adolescentes obesos parece ser fortemente moderado pela AptCR.
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) is a reliable marker of primary atherosclerosis associated with obesity, and inversely associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF). Thus, Sedentary Behavior, as well as Physical Activity (PA) may be associated with CIMT. The main objective of this dissertation was to analyze the association between Sedentary Behavior, PA, CRF and CIMT in obese adolescents, since these may represent the pediatric highest risk group of CIMT and primary atherosclerotic development. A systematic review of the literature and a cross-sectional study were performed in order to analyze this association. In the systematic review, prospective studies were identified focusing in PA and CIMT. For the cross-sectional study were recruited 54 obese adolescents between 13 and 17 years old. Anthropometrics, Sedentary Behavior, PA, CRF (VO2 max) and CIMT were assessed from the participants. Six studies were included in the systematic review, on a total of 313 participants between 7 and 16 years old. Of the six included, two studies did not report CIMT improvement after the intervention, possibly due to the duration of the intervention or intensity of the exercise prescribed. On the other hand, control groups showed a trend to increase CIMT. In addition, the results in the cross-sectional study reported that Mean CIMT correlated positively with Light PA (r(38)=.36, p=.024) and Moderate PA (r(38)=.37, p=.018), but not with sedentary time. CRF showed to be inversely correlated with CIMT (r(40)=-.36, p=.019). The beneficial effect of PA on CIMT in obese adolescents seems to be strongly moderated by CRF.
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) is a reliable marker of primary atherosclerosis associated with obesity, and inversely associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF). Thus, Sedentary Behavior, as well as Physical Activity (PA) may be associated with CIMT. The main objective of this dissertation was to analyze the association between Sedentary Behavior, PA, CRF and CIMT in obese adolescents, since these may represent the pediatric highest risk group of CIMT and primary atherosclerotic development. A systematic review of the literature and a cross-sectional study were performed in order to analyze this association. In the systematic review, prospective studies were identified focusing in PA and CIMT. For the cross-sectional study were recruited 54 obese adolescents between 13 and 17 years old. Anthropometrics, Sedentary Behavior, PA, CRF (VO2 max) and CIMT were assessed from the participants. Six studies were included in the systematic review, on a total of 313 participants between 7 and 16 years old. Of the six included, two studies did not report CIMT improvement after the intervention, possibly due to the duration of the intervention or intensity of the exercise prescribed. On the other hand, control groups showed a trend to increase CIMT. In addition, the results in the cross-sectional study reported that Mean CIMT correlated positively with Light PA (r(38)=.36, p=.024) and Moderate PA (r(38)=.37, p=.018), but not with sedentary time. CRF showed to be inversely correlated with CIMT (r(40)=-.36, p=.019). The beneficial effect of PA on CIMT in obese adolescents seems to be strongly moderated by CRF.
Descrição
Orientação: António Palmeira; co-orientação: Helena Fonseca
Palavras-chave
DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SEDENTARISMO, OBESIDADE, ADOLESCENTS, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARINESS, OBESITY, ADOLESCENTES, MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, APTIDÃO CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA, ESPESSAMENTO DA INTIMA-MEDIA, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS