Julgamento moral na perturbação por utilização de substâncias
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Data
2019
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Resumo
Estudos recentes indicam que a capacidade de julgamento moral poderá estar comprometida
em indivíduos com perturbação por utilização de substâncias (PUS) devido a alterações
neurológicas resultantes da adição. Este estudo pretende investigar se, nesta população, as
decisões numa tarefa com dilemas morais apresentam respostas cognitivas em detrimento de
respostas emocionais e se os resultados em provas de avaliação neuropsicológica confirmam
comprometimentos em diferentes domínios cognitivos. A amostra foi composta por 61
participantes adultos divididos em dois grupos, experimental (GE) e controlo (GC), sendo o
GE constituído por 31 sujeitos com PUS, em reabilitação em comunidade terapêutica (50.8%)
e 30 sujeitos da população geral (49.2%). Os resultados obtidos apenas permitiram verificar
um maior número de respostas cognitivas por parte do GE em dois dos dez dilemas morais
apresentados. Não se verificaram diferenças na avaliação da empatia, metacognição e
sintomatologia psiquiátrica. No entanto, verificaram-se diferenças significativas nas provas
neuropsicológicas, com pontuações inferiores no grupo experimental. Estes resultados
reforçam a importância da avaliação neuropsicológica em indivíduos com PUS, de forma a
identificar comprometimentos nas suas capacidades cognitivas e efetuar o planeamento da
intervenção junto desta população.
Recent studies suggest that moral judgement might be compromised in cases of substance use disorder (PUS) due to neurological changes related to addiction. This study was prepared in order to investigate the differences between people with PUS and the overall population. It is intended to understand if this group has a pattern of cognitive responses instead of emotional ones, when facing a moral dilemma task. It will also be analyzed whether the results of the neuropsychological assessment tests confirm impairments in the different cognitive functions. The sample was composed of 61 adult participants divided into two groups: experimental (GE) and control (GC). The GE included 31 participants with PUS (50.8%), which were also in rehabilitation at a therapeutic community. The GC was composed of 30 participants from the overall population (49.2%). Only two out of ten moral dilemmas showed significant differences in the results of the cognitive responses by the GE. There were not differences between the two groups in terms of empathy, metacognition and psychiatric symptomatology. However, significant differences were found in the neuropsychological assessment tests due to the lower scores in the GE group. These results reinforce the importance of neuropsychological assessment in individuals with PUS, in order to identify impairments in their cognitive abilities and to plan an intervention to this population.
Recent studies suggest that moral judgement might be compromised in cases of substance use disorder (PUS) due to neurological changes related to addiction. This study was prepared in order to investigate the differences between people with PUS and the overall population. It is intended to understand if this group has a pattern of cognitive responses instead of emotional ones, when facing a moral dilemma task. It will also be analyzed whether the results of the neuropsychological assessment tests confirm impairments in the different cognitive functions. The sample was composed of 61 adult participants divided into two groups: experimental (GE) and control (GC). The GE included 31 participants with PUS (50.8%), which were also in rehabilitation at a therapeutic community. The GC was composed of 30 participants from the overall population (49.2%). Only two out of ten moral dilemmas showed significant differences in the results of the cognitive responses by the GE. There were not differences between the two groups in terms of empathy, metacognition and psychiatric symptomatology. However, significant differences were found in the neuropsychological assessment tests due to the lower scores in the GE group. These results reinforce the importance of neuropsychological assessment in individuals with PUS, in order to identify impairments in their cognitive abilities and to plan an intervention to this population.
Descrição
Orientação: Jorge Oliveira ; co-orientação: Paulo Lopes
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, MORALIDADE, ABUSO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS, AVALIAÇÃO NEUROPSICOLÓGICA, PSYCHOLOGY, MORALITY, SUBSTANCE MISUSE, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT