Impactos das companhias aéreas low-cost, no desenvolvimento socioeconómico da ilha terceira : um estudo empírico
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2021
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O modelo de negócio das LC implica a redução do custo das viagens e a opção por aeroportos secundários, o que tem contribuído positivamente para o aumento de atividades económicas relacionadas com o turismo nestas regiões.
Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto socioeconómico das companhias aéreas LC na Ilha Terceira, utilizando como indicadores o número de voos, o alojamento, a empregabilidade, a procura, a receita anual e o PIB per capita. Foram ainda comparados com os dados da RAA, e entre épocas alta e baixa.
Para tal foram recolhidos dados relativos a estes indicadores junto da IATA e da SREA que foram utilizados para a análise documental e realizadas quatro entrevistas, duas a agentes de viagens e duas a gestores hoteleiros.
Os resultados revelaram um aumento do número de voos para a Ilha Terceira, de número e capacidade dos alojamentos, de postos de trabalho, de hóspedes e dormidas, sendo a maioria dos hóspedes portugueses, seguidos pelos alemães, norte-americanos, espanhóis, franceses e italianos. A estadia média reduziu e a receita aumentou para a hotelaria tradicional e diminuiu para o turismo rural. Esta tendência foi mantida na RAA, excetuando o turista italiano, que fica excluído das principais nacionalidades que procuram este destino e para a receita, que aumentou nos dois tipos de alojamento estudados. A principal diferença prende-se com a sazonalidade, enquanto que para a RAA a maioria dos indicadores mostram esta tendência, para a Ilha Terceira esta preferência é muito mais ténue.
A chegada das LC coincidiu também com o aumento do PIB per capita e do rendimento das famílias na RAA, podendo concluir-se que as LC demonstraram ter impacto no crescimento socioeconómico, principalmente no setor turístico, mesmo nas ilhas menos promovidas pelos operadores turísticos.
The LC business model implies a reduction in travel costs and the option for secondary airports, which has contributed positively to the increase in economic activities related to tourism in these regions. This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic impact of LC airlines in Terceira Island, using as indicators the number of flights, accommodation, employability, demand, annual revenue and GDP per capita. They were also compared with ARA data, and between high and low seasons. To this end, data were collected on these indicators from IATA and SREA, which were used for document analysis and four interviews were conducted, two with travel agents and two with hotel managers. The results revealed an increase in the number of flights to Terceira Island, in the number and capacity of accommodations, jobs, guests and overnight stays, with the majority of Portuguese guests, followed by the Germans, Americans, Spanish, French and Italians. The average stay was reduced and the revenue increased for traditional hotels and decreased for rural tourism. This trend was maintained in the ARA, except for the Italian tourist, who is excluded from the main nationalities looking for this destination and for the revenue, which increased in the two types of accommodation studied. The main difference is related to seasonality, while for the ARA most indicators show this trend, for Terceira this preference is much more tenuous. LC arrivals also coincided with the increase in GDP per capita and household income in the ARA, and it can be concluded that LCs have shown to have an impact on socio-economic growth, especially in the tourism sector, even on the islands least promoted by tour operators.
The LC business model implies a reduction in travel costs and the option for secondary airports, which has contributed positively to the increase in economic activities related to tourism in these regions. This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic impact of LC airlines in Terceira Island, using as indicators the number of flights, accommodation, employability, demand, annual revenue and GDP per capita. They were also compared with ARA data, and between high and low seasons. To this end, data were collected on these indicators from IATA and SREA, which were used for document analysis and four interviews were conducted, two with travel agents and two with hotel managers. The results revealed an increase in the number of flights to Terceira Island, in the number and capacity of accommodations, jobs, guests and overnight stays, with the majority of Portuguese guests, followed by the Germans, Americans, Spanish, French and Italians. The average stay was reduced and the revenue increased for traditional hotels and decreased for rural tourism. This trend was maintained in the ARA, except for the Italian tourist, who is excluded from the main nationalities looking for this destination and for the revenue, which increased in the two types of accommodation studied. The main difference is related to seasonality, while for the ARA most indicators show this trend, for Terceira this preference is much more tenuous. LC arrivals also coincided with the increase in GDP per capita and household income in the ARA, and it can be concluded that LCs have shown to have an impact on socio-economic growth, especially in the tourism sector, even on the islands least promoted by tour operators.
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Orientação: Álvaro Lopes Dias
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MESTRADO EM GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, VOOS LOW COST, IMPACTO ECONÓMICO, IMPACTO SOCIAL, EMPREGABILIDADE, OFERTA E PROCURA, AVIATION MANAGEMENT, LOW COST FLIGHTS, ECONOMIC IMPACT, SOCIAL IMPACT, EMPLOYABILITY, SUPPLY AND DEMAND, ILHA TERCEIRA, PORTUGAL