Impacto do cálcio na motilidade de células tumorais
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Data
2021
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O Ca2+ é um segundo mensageiro essencial e co-factor para proteínas e
enzimas, sendo uma das moléculas de sinalização intracelulares mais importantes
na regulação da função celular. A regulação dos níveis de Ca2+ é conseguida
através de um mecanismo complexo que envolve várias vias de sinalização, bem
como proteínas reguladas pelo Ca2+ intracelular, que controlam processos celulares
específicos, incluindo o ciclo celular, proliferação, apoptose, transcrição e migração
celular. Deste modo, não é surpreendente que vários tipos de cancros resultem da
desregulação da homeostasia deste ião. São inúmeros os canais de Ca2+ envolvidos
na modelação dos níveis deste ião na membrana citoplasmática e em diversos
organelos intracelulares, contidos no retículo endoplasmático, nas mitocôndrias, no
complexo de Golgi e nos lisossomas. É importante realçar que a desregulação
destes reguladores do fluxo de Ca2+ está associada a alterações no comportamento
das células tumorais, entre as quais a transição epitelial-mesenquimal, migração
celular, invasão local e desenvolvimento tumoral. Neste contexto, o Ca2+ é
considerada uma ferramenta intracelular fundamental na regulação da dinâmica e
complexidade da migração e metastização.
Na presente dissertação, é apresentada e discutida a literatura na vanguarda da
sinalização entre organelos de Ca2+ no que se refere à migração celular, metástase
e progressão do cancro, com foco especial nos canais que regulam o fluxo de Ca2+.
Ca2+ is an essential second messenger and cofactor for proteins and enzymes, being one of the most important intracellular signalling molecules in the regulation of cellular function. The regulation of Ca2+ levels is achieved through a complex mechanism that involves several signalling pathways, as well as proteins regulated by intracellular Ca2+, which control specific cellular processes, including cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, transcription and cell migration. Therefore, it is not surprising that various types of cancers result from the deregulation of this ion's homeostasis. There are several Ca2+ channels involved in the modelling of the levels of this ion in the plasma membrane and in several intracellular organelles, namely in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi complex and lysosomes. It is important to highlight that the deregulation of these Ca2+ flow regulators is associated with changes in the behaviour of tumour cells, within which the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, local invasion and tumour development. In this context, Ca2+ is considered a fundamental intracellular tool in the regulation of the dynamics and complexity of migration and metastasis. In this dissertation, the literature is presented and discussed at the forefront of Ca2+ between organelles signalling regarding cell migration, metastasis and cancer progression, with a special focus on the channels that regulate Ca2+ flow.
Ca2+ is an essential second messenger and cofactor for proteins and enzymes, being one of the most important intracellular signalling molecules in the regulation of cellular function. The regulation of Ca2+ levels is achieved through a complex mechanism that involves several signalling pathways, as well as proteins regulated by intracellular Ca2+, which control specific cellular processes, including cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, transcription and cell migration. Therefore, it is not surprising that various types of cancers result from the deregulation of this ion's homeostasis. There are several Ca2+ channels involved in the modelling of the levels of this ion in the plasma membrane and in several intracellular organelles, namely in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi complex and lysosomes. It is important to highlight that the deregulation of these Ca2+ flow regulators is associated with changes in the behaviour of tumour cells, within which the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, local invasion and tumour development. In this context, Ca2+ is considered a fundamental intracellular tool in the regulation of the dynamics and complexity of migration and metastasis. In this dissertation, the literature is presented and discussed at the forefront of Ca2+ between organelles signalling regarding cell migration, metastasis and cancer progression, with a special focus on the channels that regulate Ca2+ flow.
Descrição
Orientação: Nuno Saraiva
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CÁLCIO, CANCRO, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, CALCIUM, CANCER, MIGRAÇÃO CELULAR, ORGANELOS, Ca2+, CELL MOVEMENT, ORGANELLES