Mastocitomas cutâneos e subcutâneos em cães : quatro casos clínicos
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2020
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Os mastocitomas são as neoplasias mais comuns em cães, representando entre 13,5% e 20% das neoplasias cutâneas.
A análise citológica e a histopatológica são as técnicas auxiliares de diagnóstico e prognóstico de maior importância neste tipo de neoplasia. A citologia permite, na maioria dos casos, o diagnóstico inicial, após o qual se deve determinar qual a abordagem terapêutica mais adequada. A histopatologia permite obter um diagnóstico final e prognóstico mais preciso e determinar a necessidade de tratamento adjuvante adicional. A abordagem terapêutica e prognóstico está dependente de vários outros fatores, entre os quais: localização do tumor primário, o tamanho do tumor, estadio da doença e o seu grau histológico.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo documentar e analisar casos práticos de mastocitomas e respetivos protocolos de atuação.
Foram, assim, escolhidos quatro casos de mastocitomas cutâneos e subcutâneos, seguidos no Hospital da FMV-ULHT, entre Janeiro e Abril de 2019.
Todos os casos foram diagnosticados inicialmente por punção por agulha fina seguida de análise citológica e foi realizado o estadiamento clínico completo da doença. Procedeu-se à excisão cirúrgica dos nódulos e histopatologia das lesões em todos os cães. O tratamento adjuvante foi variável (quimioterapia ou monitorização apenas), baseado em evidência médica e na decisão final dos tutores.
Mast cell tumours are the most common neoplasias in dogs, representing between 13,5% and 20% of cutaneous neoplasias. Cytological and histopathological analysis are the more important complementary techniques for diagnosis and prognosis of this type of lesions. Most of the times, cytology provides a inicial diagnosis that should aid in determining the most adequate therapeutic approach. Histopathology allows obtaining a final diagnosis and a more precise prognosis and determine the need for adjuvant treatment. Therapeutic approach and prognosis depends on several other factors such as primary tumour location, size of the tumour, staging and histologic grade. This thesis aims to describe and discuss mast cell tumour cases. Thus, four cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell cases were chosen and followed at the FMV-ULHT Hospital, between January and April 2019. All cases have been initially diagnosed through fine needle aspiration followed by cytology and all had a complete clinical staging of the disease. Surgical excision and histopatolhology of the nodules was performed in all dogs. Adjuvant treatment was variable (chemotherapy or monitoring only) according to medical evidence and final owner´s decision.
Mast cell tumours are the most common neoplasias in dogs, representing between 13,5% and 20% of cutaneous neoplasias. Cytological and histopathological analysis are the more important complementary techniques for diagnosis and prognosis of this type of lesions. Most of the times, cytology provides a inicial diagnosis that should aid in determining the most adequate therapeutic approach. Histopathology allows obtaining a final diagnosis and a more precise prognosis and determine the need for adjuvant treatment. Therapeutic approach and prognosis depends on several other factors such as primary tumour location, size of the tumour, staging and histologic grade. This thesis aims to describe and discuss mast cell tumour cases. Thus, four cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell cases were chosen and followed at the FMV-ULHT Hospital, between January and April 2019. All cases have been initially diagnosed through fine needle aspiration followed by cytology and all had a complete clinical staging of the disease. Surgical excision and histopatolhology of the nodules was performed in all dogs. Adjuvant treatment was variable (chemotherapy or monitoring only) according to medical evidence and final owner´s decision.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Faustino ; co-orientação: Ana Rita Serras
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, MASTOCITOMAS, ONCOLOGIA, NEOPLASIAS, CASOS CLÍNICOS, VETERINARY MEDICINE, DOGS, MAST CELL TUMOR, ONCOLOGY, NEOPLASMS, CASE REPORTS