Mulheres cabo-verdianas, vida familiar e profissional : o caso do Bairro São Marçal
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A presente investigação incidiu sobre uma amostra de vinte e seis mulheres cabo-verdianas, residentes no Bairro São Marçal, sito na Portela de Carnaxide, conce-lho de Oeiras. Este trabalho tem como objetivo central compreender como estas mulheres conciliam a vida profissional e a vida familiar. Pretende-se, especificamente, perceber de que forma gerem a vida familiar e a vida profissional, perceber a sua situação socioeconómica, compreender as suas vi-vências, hábitos e costumes, o seu nível de escolaridade e o grau de envolvimento e participação na vida escolar dos filhos. Do conhecimento informal e observação, as famílias cabo-verdianas residentes no Bairro São Marçal aparentam diversas problemáticas, sobretudo ao nível pobreza, de desemprego, emprego precário, baixa escolaridade dos pais e dos filhos, insucesso escolar, famílias monoparentais, falta de supervisão parental e delinquência juvenil. Os empregos precários e os baixos salários fazem com que muitas destas mu-lheres tenham vários trabalhos/ocupações, a maioria como empregadas domésticas, nos serviços de limpeza ou na área da restauração. Desta forma, o trabalho ocupa-lhes muitas horas fora de casa, subtraindo tem-po de convívio e de acompanhamento aos filhos, deixando-as, igualmente, sem tempo para cuidarem da vida familiar, da casa ou de si próprias. Do conhecimento informal, observa-se que em muitas famílias, tende a haver uma demissão das responsabilida-des parentais por parte dos homens, sobretudo depois da separação ou do divórcio. Acresce, ainda, a pouca partilha e a alternância de papéis. Para além destas consequências, que se percecionam como problemáticas e preocupantes, parece existir no bairro um número crescente de jovens em absentismo escolar ou em abandono escolar, sem conseguirem um emprego, sem motivação e sem perspetivas para o futuro, sendo que alguns apresentam inclusivamente com comportamentos desviantes ou delinquentes. O problema afeta não só os jovens que os vivenciam, mas também as suas famílias, que pouco ou nada conseguem fazer para os resgatar. A investigadora estabeleceu assim como objetivo perceber como é feita a ges-tão da vida profissional e familiar e perceber o que origina os fenómenos aqui descri-tos. Será feita referência à cultura, dado que a população cabo-verdiana, apesar de estar há muitos anos em Portugal, é uma comunidade que mantém acentuados traços culturais de origem, fazendo questão de promover, o que de alguma forma contribui, também, para a diversidade cultural de Portugal. Importa lembrar que o percurso migratório é complexo, constituído por desafi-os, oportunidades, liberdades e realizações, mas igualmente por dificuldades e obstá-culos para os sujeitos e famílias que emigram, decorrentes da diversidade de univer-sos culturais e sociais. Palavras-chave: Imigração, Mulheres Cabo-verdianas, Gestão do Trabalho e da Vida Familiar, Cuidadora de Filhos.
The present investigation focused on a sample of twenty-six Cape Verdean women, residing in the São Marçal neighborhood, located in Portela de Carnaxide, municipality of Oeiras. The main objective of this work is to understand how these women balance pro-fessional and family life. The goal is to specifically understand how they manage family life and profes-sional life, understand their socio-economic situation, understand their experiences, habits and customs, their level of education and the degree of involvement and partici-pation in their children's school lives. From informal knowledge and observation, Cape Verdean families living in the São Marçal neighborhood appear to have several problems, especially in terms of pov-erty, unemployment, precarious employment, low educational level of parents and chil-dren, academic failure, single-parent families, lack of parental supervision and juvenile delinquency. Precarious jobs and low wages mean that many of these women have several jobs/occupations, most of them as domestic workers, in cleaning services or in the res-taurant sector. In this way, work takes many hours away from home, taking away time to so-cialize and care for their children, leaving them, equally, no time to take care of their family life, their houses or themselves. In many families, there tends to be a dismissal of parental responsibilities by men, especially after separation or divorce. Furthermore, there isn´t a lot of sharing and alternation of roles. In addition to these consequences, which we perceive as problematic/worrying, there appears to be a growing number of young people in the neighborhood who are absent from school or dropping out, without getting a job, without motivation and with-out expectations for the future, some of them even show deviant or delinquent behav-iors. The problem affects not only the young people who experience it, but also their families, who can do little or nothing to rescue them. The researcher therefore set the objective of understanding how professional and family life is managed and understanding what causes the situation described here. There will be a reference to culture, given that the Cape Verdean population, despite being in Portugal for many years, is a community that maintains strong cultural traits of origin, and they make sure they promote it, which in some way also contributes to the cultural diversity of Portugal. It is important to remember that the migratory path is complex, consisting of challenges, opportunities, freedom and achievements, but also difficulties and obsta-cles for the individuals and families that emigrate, resulting from the diversity of cultural and social universes. Key words: Immigration, Cape Verdean Women, Work and Family Life Management, Childcare.
The present investigation focused on a sample of twenty-six Cape Verdean women, residing in the São Marçal neighborhood, located in Portela de Carnaxide, municipality of Oeiras. The main objective of this work is to understand how these women balance pro-fessional and family life. The goal is to specifically understand how they manage family life and profes-sional life, understand their socio-economic situation, understand their experiences, habits and customs, their level of education and the degree of involvement and partici-pation in their children's school lives. From informal knowledge and observation, Cape Verdean families living in the São Marçal neighborhood appear to have several problems, especially in terms of pov-erty, unemployment, precarious employment, low educational level of parents and chil-dren, academic failure, single-parent families, lack of parental supervision and juvenile delinquency. Precarious jobs and low wages mean that many of these women have several jobs/occupations, most of them as domestic workers, in cleaning services or in the res-taurant sector. In this way, work takes many hours away from home, taking away time to so-cialize and care for their children, leaving them, equally, no time to take care of their family life, their houses or themselves. In many families, there tends to be a dismissal of parental responsibilities by men, especially after separation or divorce. Furthermore, there isn´t a lot of sharing and alternation of roles. In addition to these consequences, which we perceive as problematic/worrying, there appears to be a growing number of young people in the neighborhood who are absent from school or dropping out, without getting a job, without motivation and with-out expectations for the future, some of them even show deviant or delinquent behav-iors. The problem affects not only the young people who experience it, but also their families, who can do little or nothing to rescue them. The researcher therefore set the objective of understanding how professional and family life is managed and understanding what causes the situation described here. There will be a reference to culture, given that the Cape Verdean population, despite being in Portugal for many years, is a community that maintains strong cultural traits of origin, and they make sure they promote it, which in some way also contributes to the cultural diversity of Portugal. It is important to remember that the migratory path is complex, consisting of challenges, opportunities, freedom and achievements, but also difficulties and obsta-cles for the individuals and families that emigrate, resulting from the diversity of cultural and social universes. Key words: Immigration, Cape Verdean Women, Work and Family Life Management, Childcare.