Desempenho e saúde ruminal de bovinos da raça Nelore em feedlot, suplementados com leveduras vivas e fonte de lípidos
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2019
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Nos sistemas intensivos de produção de carne bovina, a manipulação dietética com
aditivos torna-se uma ferramenta indispensável na prevenção de certas doenças,
nomeadamente acidose ruminal e ruminite. Assim, surge a necessidade de averiguar quais
os melhores aditivos, tanto para o produtor como para a saúde dos animais.
Neste trabalho estudou-se o efeito da suplementação com leveduras vivas e com
fontes lipídicas sobre a saúde ruminal e o desempenho de bovinos Nelore em feedlot, durante
109 dias. Foi feita a distribuição aleatória dos animais (n=133; 372Kg) em três grupos: controlo
(n=20) sem aditivos, leveduras vivas (n=17) suplementado com Saccharomyces cerevisiae e
lipídico (n=96) suplementado com uma fonte de lípidos. Após o ensaio, o epitélio ruminal foi
classificado quanto à incidência e ao nível de lesões e as papilas foram analisadas
histológicamente. A flutuação da IMS e o peso ganho também foram determinados.
O grupo lipídico apesar de ter apresentado maior flutuação da IMS, ganhou mais
peso (25,4%). A inclusão de leveduras não diferiu do controlo e gerou uma IMS diária mais
constante. Contudo, este resultado não se traduziu num maior ganho de peso, reforçando a
evidência inconclusiva dos benefícios das leveduras.
Em relação à saúde ruminal, os bovinos com suplementação de lípidos obtiveram
maior área média de papilas, maior participação das mesmas na área absortiva e maior índice
mitótico. Todos os grupos apresentaram ruminite, porém o seu índice não diferiu entre eles
(p=0,725) e visto que foi inferior a 2, não ocorreu acidose ruminal.
Este trabalho pode reforçar o conceito da suplementação lipídica nas dietas do gado
de engorda, devido ao maior ganho de peso e ao baixo nível de ruminite.
In intensive beef production systems, dietary manipulation with additives becomes an indispensable tool in the prevention of certain diseases, namely ruminal acidosis and consequently rumenitis. Thus, there is a need to investigate the best additives, both for the producer and for animals health. The objective of this work was to study the effect of supplementation with live yeasts and lipid sources on ruminal health and performance of Nellore cattle in feedlot. In an experimental period of 109 days, the animals (n= 133; 372kg) were randomly distributed into three groups: Control (n=20) fed without any additives, live yeast supplemented (n=17) fed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lipidic (n=96), fed with a lipid source. First, ruminal epithelium was classified according to incidence and level of lesions, then papillae were morphologically and histologically analyzed. DMI fluctuation and weight gain were also determined. The lipid group, despite of having a greater DMI fluctuation, gained more weight (25.4%). The inclusion of live yeasts in the diet generated a more constant daily DMI. However, this result didn’t translate into greater weight gain, reinforcing inconclusive evidence of yeast benefits. Regarding ruminal health, the cattle of the lipid group had the highest mean area of papillae and greater participation of the ruminal papillae in the absorptive area and higher mitotic index. All groups presented rumenitis, but index did not differ between them (p = 0,725) and it was less than 2, so there was no ruminal acidosis. This work can reinforce the concept of a lipid supplementation in feedlot cattle diets, due to a higher weight gain and a low level of ruminal acidosis.
In intensive beef production systems, dietary manipulation with additives becomes an indispensable tool in the prevention of certain diseases, namely ruminal acidosis and consequently rumenitis. Thus, there is a need to investigate the best additives, both for the producer and for animals health. The objective of this work was to study the effect of supplementation with live yeasts and lipid sources on ruminal health and performance of Nellore cattle in feedlot. In an experimental period of 109 days, the animals (n= 133; 372kg) were randomly distributed into three groups: Control (n=20) fed without any additives, live yeast supplemented (n=17) fed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lipidic (n=96), fed with a lipid source. First, ruminal epithelium was classified according to incidence and level of lesions, then papillae were morphologically and histologically analyzed. DMI fluctuation and weight gain were also determined. The lipid group, despite of having a greater DMI fluctuation, gained more weight (25.4%). The inclusion of live yeasts in the diet generated a more constant daily DMI. However, this result didn’t translate into greater weight gain, reinforcing inconclusive evidence of yeast benefits. Regarding ruminal health, the cattle of the lipid group had the highest mean area of papillae and greater participation of the ruminal papillae in the absorptive area and higher mitotic index. All groups presented rumenitis, but index did not differ between them (p = 0,725) and it was less than 2, so there was no ruminal acidosis. This work can reinforce the concept of a lipid supplementation in feedlot cattle diets, due to a higher weight gain and a low level of ruminal acidosis.
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Orientação: Sofia Van Harten
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, BRASIL, BRAZIL, PECUÁRIA, BOVÍDEOS, SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, ACIDOSE, LIVESTOCK FARMING, BOVIDS, DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, ACIDOSIS, ANIMAIS DE TALHO, MEAT ANIMALS