O papel da resiliência no ajustamento à doença : um estudo com doentes oncológicos e de fibromialgia
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2022
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Tem sido crescente o destaque feito ao papel que a resiliência desempenha no
aumento do ajustamento emocional e psicossocial em caso de doença. Neste sentido, o
presente estudo procura entender qual ou quais os fatores de resiliência que melhor
predizem o ajustamento emocional (AE) e ajustamento psicossocial à doença (APD). Tem
também, o objetivo de testar dois modelos de mediação: 1) relação entre a resiliência e o
AE, mediado pelo ajustamento psicossocial e 2) relação entre resiliência e APD, mediado
pelo ajustamento emocional por forma a verificar qual mostra ter maior carater
explicativo. Caso se verifiquem alterações significativas na relação de mediação entre os
ajustamentos, procurar-se-á entender se essa mesma relação é afetada em diferentes tipos
de doença, nomeadamente, doença oncológica e doença de fibromialgia.
O estudo conta com uma amostra de 119 mulheres, 44 com doença oncológica e
75 com doença de fibromialgia, com diagnóstico de doença há mais de três anos. Para a
análise foi utilizada a Escala de Resiliência para Adultos (ERA), Inventário de Sintomas
Psicopatológicos 18 (BSI-18) e a Escala de Ajustamento Psicossocial à Doença -
Autoavaliação (EAPD-AA).
Os resultados demonstraram que o fator de resiliência com maior capacidade
preditora no AE é a Perceção do Self (PS), enquanto para o APD foram a Perceção do
Self (PS), a Coesão Familiar (CF) e o Estilo Estruturado (EE). No que respeita aos
modelos de mediação verificaram-se diferenças nos efeitos de mediação que o AE e APD
tem um no outro na sua relação com a resiliência. O APD, enquanto mediador, estabelece
um efeito maior para a relação entre a resiliência e AE, do que o AE na relação entre
resiliência e o APD, para o total da amostra. No entanto, quando analisado o mesmo tipo
de relação por grupos de doença, verifica-se que os resultados do efeito de mediação
podem sofrem padrões diferentes ou até mesmo apresentar efeitos de mediação nulos.
There has been an increasing emphasis on the role that the resilience variable comprises in increasing emotional and psychosocial adjustment in the event of illness. In this sense, the present study seeks to understand which resilience factors best predict emotional adjustment (EA) and psychosocial adjustment to illness (APD). It also aims to test two models of mediation: 1) relationship between resilience and AE, mediated by psychosocial adjustment and 2) relationship between resilience and APD, mediated by emotional adjustment to verify which one has a greater explanatory character. If there are significant changes in the mediation relationship between the adjustments, it will be sought to understand whether this same relationship is affected in different types of disease, namely, oncological disease and fibromyalgia disease. The study has a sample of 119 women, 44 with oncological disease and 75 with fibromyalgia disease, diagnosed with the disease for more than three years. For the analysis, the Adult Resilience Scale (ERA), Psychopathological Symptoms Inventory 18 (BSI-18) and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale - Self-Assessment (EAPD AA) were used. The results showed that the resilience factor with the highest predictive capacity for AE is Self Perception (PS), while for APD it was Self Perception (PS), Family Cohesion (FC) and Structured Style (EE). Regarding the mediation relationship, it was found that there are statistically significant differences in the mediation effects that AE and APD have on each other in relation to resilience. The ODA, as a mediator, establishes a greater effect for the relationship between resilience and EA, than the EA in the relationship between resilience and ODA, for the total sample. However, when analyzing the same type of relationship by disease groups, it appears that the results of the mediation effect may suffer statistically significant differences or even present null mediation effects.
There has been an increasing emphasis on the role that the resilience variable comprises in increasing emotional and psychosocial adjustment in the event of illness. In this sense, the present study seeks to understand which resilience factors best predict emotional adjustment (EA) and psychosocial adjustment to illness (APD). It also aims to test two models of mediation: 1) relationship between resilience and AE, mediated by psychosocial adjustment and 2) relationship between resilience and APD, mediated by emotional adjustment to verify which one has a greater explanatory character. If there are significant changes in the mediation relationship between the adjustments, it will be sought to understand whether this same relationship is affected in different types of disease, namely, oncological disease and fibromyalgia disease. The study has a sample of 119 women, 44 with oncological disease and 75 with fibromyalgia disease, diagnosed with the disease for more than three years. For the analysis, the Adult Resilience Scale (ERA), Psychopathological Symptoms Inventory 18 (BSI-18) and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale - Self-Assessment (EAPD AA) were used. The results showed that the resilience factor with the highest predictive capacity for AE is Self Perception (PS), while for APD it was Self Perception (PS), Family Cohesion (FC) and Structured Style (EE). Regarding the mediation relationship, it was found that there are statistically significant differences in the mediation effects that AE and APD have on each other in relation to resilience. The ODA, as a mediator, establishes a greater effect for the relationship between resilience and EA, than the EA in the relationship between resilience and ODA, for the total sample. However, when analyzing the same type of relationship by disease groups, it appears that the results of the mediation effect may suffer statistically significant differences or even present null mediation effects.
Descrição
Orientação: Joana Brites Rosa
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, RESILIÊNCIA, AJUSTAMENTO EMOCIONAL, DOENÇAS CRÓNICAS, ONCOLOGIA, FIBROMIALGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, RESILIENCE, EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT, CHRONIC DISEASES, ONCOLOGY, FIBROMYALGIA