The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii

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dc.contributor.authorDelgado, Inês
dc.contributor.authorZúquete, Sara
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Dulce
dc.contributor.authorBasto, Afonso Silva Pinto
dc.contributor.authorLeitão, José Alexandre da Costa Perdigão e Cameira
dc.contributor.authorNolasco, Sofia
dc.contributor.institutionFMV - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractToxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous zoonotic parasite with an obligatory intracellular lifestyle. It relies on a specialized set of cytoskeletal and secretory organelles for host cell invasion. When infecting its felid definitive host, T. gondii undergoes sexual reproduction in the intestinal epithelium, producing oocysts that are excreted with the feces and sporulate in the environment. In other hosts and/or tissues, T. gondii multiplies by asexual reproduction. Rapidly dividing tachyzoites expand through multiple tissues, particularly nervous and muscular tissues, and eventually convert to slowly dividing bradyzoites which produce tissue cysts, structures that evade the immune system and remain infective within the host. Infection normally occurs through ingestion of sporulated oocysts or tissue cysts. While T. gondii is able to infect virtually all warm-blooded animals, most infections in humans are asymptomatic, with clinical disease occurring most often in immunocompromised hosts or fetuses carried by seronegative mothers that are infected during pregnancy.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by national funds through FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. (Portugal) through the project UIDB/00276/2020, the grant EXPL/CVT-EPI/1945/2013 awarded to S.N., and the doctoral scholarship SFRH/BD/95330/2013 awarded to I.L.S.D., S.Z. and A.P.B. were supported by the project FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P. (Portugal)—PTDC/CVT-CVT/31840/2017. Acknowledgments
dc.identifier.citationDelgado, I, Zúquete, S, Santos, D, Basto, A S P, Leitão, J A D C P E C & Nolasco, S 2022, 'The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii', Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 189-211. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010012
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010012
dc.identifier.issn1388-4360
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014603212
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Netherlands
dc.relation.ispartofEncyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series
dc.rightsopenAccess
dc.subjectBIOLOGIA
dc.subjectTOXOPLASMA GONDII
dc.subjectTOXOPLASMOSE
dc.subjectPARASITAS
dc.subjectCICLO DE VIDA
dc.subjectAPICOMPLEXA
dc.subjectBIOLOGY
dc.subjectTOXOPLASMA GONDII
dc.subjectTOXOPLASMOSIS
dc.subjectPARASITES
dc.subjectLIFE CYCLE
dc.subjectAPICOMPLEXA
dc.titleThe apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondiien
dc.typearticle

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