Método racionalista na definição da forma : Hotel das Camélias, Porto
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2021
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A presente Dissertação procurou investigar e refletir sobre a noção de Racionalismo e seus
métodos na Arquitetura a partir das conceções teóricas de Josep Maria Montaner e conceções
mais técnicas de Kenneth Frampton, e tendo como casos de estudo a obra de Le Corbusier e
Oscar Niemeyer.
Métodos como o módulo, o protótipo ou a setorização foram importantes para clarificar a
importância da noção de “Racionalismo” especifico neste caso um programa de hotel, tendo
como fim a concretização e a validação do referido conceito no domínio da organização funcional
de um projeto e da sua forma.
Com base no projeto do Hotel das Camélias, como exemplo, elaborou-se uma reflexão,
autocrítica, inter-relação e justificação segundo a investigação feita acerca da noção de
Racionalismo no desenho e na forma. Este projeto tomado como exemplo procura tentar
entender os processos que levaram às diferentes fases do mesmo, quer no posicionamento
perante a cidade e quer em que medida o conceito de Racionalismo está incutido na
determinação da forma deste projeto.
A presente dissertação atesta o entendimento que a base dos métodos e ideais Racionalistas,
na sua máxima expressão, permitem que o controlo da planta possa ser explícito em alçado e na
definição da forma, todos aliados ao conceito inicial, não vedando o resultado final à forma seguir
a função, mas permitindo também à forma ser o resultado de um conceito apoiado nesses
mesmos métodos para atingir um “objeto” singular.
The present dissertation sought to investigate and reflect on the notion of Rationalism and its methods in Architecture from the theoretical conceptions of Josep Maria Montaner and more technical conceptions of Kenneth Frampton, and having as a case study the work of Le Corbusier and Oscar Niemeyer. Methods such as the module, the prototype or the sectorization were important to clarify the importance of the notion of “Rationalism” specific in this case a hotel program, aiming at the concretization and validation of the referred concept in the domain of the functional organization of a project and its form. Based on the Hotel das Camélias project, as an example, a reflection, self-criticism, interrelationship and justification was elaborated according to the research carried out on the notion of Rationalism in design and form. This project taken as an example seeks to try to understand the processes that led to the different phases of the same, both in positioning in towards the city and to what extent the concept of Rationalism is inculcated in determining the shape of this project. The present dissertation attests to the understanding that the basis of Rationalist methods and ideals, in their maximum expression, allow the control of the plant to be explicit in elevation and in the definition of form, all allied to the initial concept, not forbidding the final result to form follow the function, but also allowing the shape to be the result of a concept supported by these same methods to reach a singular “object”
The present dissertation sought to investigate and reflect on the notion of Rationalism and its methods in Architecture from the theoretical conceptions of Josep Maria Montaner and more technical conceptions of Kenneth Frampton, and having as a case study the work of Le Corbusier and Oscar Niemeyer. Methods such as the module, the prototype or the sectorization were important to clarify the importance of the notion of “Rationalism” specific in this case a hotel program, aiming at the concretization and validation of the referred concept in the domain of the functional organization of a project and its form. Based on the Hotel das Camélias project, as an example, a reflection, self-criticism, interrelationship and justification was elaborated according to the research carried out on the notion of Rationalism in design and form. This project taken as an example seeks to try to understand the processes that led to the different phases of the same, both in positioning in towards the city and to what extent the concept of Rationalism is inculcated in determining the shape of this project. The present dissertation attests to the understanding that the basis of Rationalist methods and ideals, in their maximum expression, allow the control of the plant to be explicit in elevation and in the definition of form, all allied to the initial concept, not forbidding the final result to form follow the function, but also allowing the shape to be the result of a concept supported by these same methods to reach a singular “object”
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Orientação: Edite Maria Figueiredo Rosa.
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, RACIONALISMO, ARCHITECTURE, RATIONALISM