A importância do transporte de carga aérea em tempo de pandemia COVID-19 : estudo de caso da Emirates na rota LIS-DXB-LIS numa aplicação com a PLSR
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2021
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O transporte aéreo comercial é, atualmente, um setor essencial no desenvolvimento
económico pois funciona como agente facilitador nas trocas comerciais e culturais entre
países e representa cerca de 35% do comércio mundial (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C
100 I/01).
Em março de 2020, a Organização Mundial de Saúde anuncia o COVID-19 como
pandemia, levando a que todos os países tomassem medidas rigorosas para conter o surto
pandémico. As restrições foram aplicadas pelos países sem uniformidade de critérios,
contudo, na indústria do transporte aéreo a decisão foi internacional e culminou com o
encerramento dos aeroportos, resultando numa grave crise económica para a aviação civil.
A presente investigação tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância estratégica do
transporte da carga aérea em contexto de pandemia. Este estudo trata de analisar a forma
como o COVID-19 influenciou o transporte de carga aérea, designadamente, na companhia
aérea Emirates na rota Lisboa-Dubai-Lisboa. Para este efeito, estabeleceu-se uma relação
entre as diferentes variáveis e o problema identificado, utilizando dados estatísticos
trabalhados através dos Dados de Painel e do método de Regressão dos Mínimos
Quadrados Parciais (PLSR), em virtude desta metodologia ter um algoritmo robusto e de
minimizar os efeitos da multicolinearidade de amostras de reduzida dimensão como as
analisadas no presente estudo.
Em síntese, o cenário provocado pela pandemia COVID-19 teve um impacto
negativo na indústria do transporte de carga aérea. No entanto, a Emirates ajustou a sua
estratégia ao contexto pandémico com o transporte de frete na cabine de passageiros,
mitigando as suas perdas durante a crise COVID-19.
The commercial air transportation is currently an essential sector for the economic development as it enables commercial and cultural exchange between countries, and it represents about 35% of the world commerce (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C 100 I/01). In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as a pandemic, prompting all countries to adopt strict measures to contain the outbreak. The restrictions were applied by countries without uniformity of criteria, nevertheless, in the air transportation industry the decision was international and led to airports closure, resulting in a serious economic crisis for civil aviation. The following presentation aims to demonstrate the strategic importance of air freight transportation during a pandemic context. This study analyses the way COVID-19 has influenced Air Freight, namely in Emirates airline on the Lisbon-Dubai-Lisbon route. For this purpose, a relationship was established between the different variables and the identified issue, based on statistical data worked through the Panel Data and Partial Least Squares Regression method (PLSR), due to this methodology having a robust algorithm and minimizing multicollinearity effects in smaller samples as the ones presented in this study. In synthesis, the scenario caused by COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact in air freight transport. However, Emirates has adjusted its strategy to the pandemic context with cargo transportation in the passenger cabin, mitigating their losses during COVID-19 crise.
The commercial air transportation is currently an essential sector for the economic development as it enables commercial and cultural exchange between countries, and it represents about 35% of the world commerce (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C 100 I/01). In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as a pandemic, prompting all countries to adopt strict measures to contain the outbreak. The restrictions were applied by countries without uniformity of criteria, nevertheless, in the air transportation industry the decision was international and led to airports closure, resulting in a serious economic crisis for civil aviation. The following presentation aims to demonstrate the strategic importance of air freight transportation during a pandemic context. This study analyses the way COVID-19 has influenced Air Freight, namely in Emirates airline on the Lisbon-Dubai-Lisbon route. For this purpose, a relationship was established between the different variables and the identified issue, based on statistical data worked through the Panel Data and Partial Least Squares Regression method (PLSR), due to this methodology having a robust algorithm and minimizing multicollinearity effects in smaller samples as the ones presented in this study. In synthesis, the scenario caused by COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact in air freight transport. However, Emirates has adjusted its strategy to the pandemic context with cargo transportation in the passenger cabin, mitigating their losses during COVID-19 crise.
Descrição
Orientação: José Manuel Ivo Carvalho Vicente ; co-orientação: Eliana Cristina Agostinho Mendes
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, GESTÃO AERONÁUTICA, CARGA AÉREA, TRANSPORTES AÉREOS, COVID-19, PANDEMIAS, DADOS ESTATÍSTICOS, ESTUDOS DE CASO, AVIATION MANAGEMENT, AIR FREIGHT, AIR TRANSPORT, COVID-19, PANDEMICS, STATISTICAL DATA, CASE STUDIES