Caracterização do crescimento bacteriano e a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana em infecções do tracto urinário em cães
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2016
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A infecção do tracto urinário (ITU) é uma doença comum que ocorre em 14% dos cães que vão ao veterinário, durante o seu período de vida. É uma razão comum para o uso de terapia antibacteriana mas, são cada vez mais os casos de resistências, como consequência da escolha e utilização irracional de antibióticos. Este estudo foi realizado com o objectivo principal de caracterizar o crescimento bacteriano em ITU’s e os perfis de susceptibilidade a diferentes antibacterianos. Foi feita uma recolha dos casos diagnosticados em cães, na clinica veterinária Linda-a-Vet, entre 2011 e 2014. Posteriormente realizou-se um estudo estatístico retrospectivo, onde foi possível verificar uma maior incidência em machos idosos, sem qualquer evidência de predisposição racial. Só houve casos de ITU’s simples, não havendo casos recorrentes ou persistentes, e todos tiveram como causa um único agente bacteriano. O agente bacteriano com maior prevalência na amostra foi a Escherichia coli, com 64,3% dos casos totais de isolamento. Foram também isolados outros agentes comuns em ITU’s como: Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis ou Pseudomonas aeruginosa. De forma geral, para todos os microrganismos, o aztreonam, a gentamicina e a cefpiroma foram os agentes antibacterianos que se mostraram mais eficazes no tratamento de ITU, para esta amostra. Por outro lado, a enrofloxacina, um dos agentes antibacterianos mais aconselhado no tratamento empírico de ITU’s, revelou-se totalmente ineficaz, com 100% das bactérias isoladas a mostrarem resistência a este antibacteriano.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease that occurs in 14% of dogs that visit a veterinarian during their lifetime. It is a common reason for the use of antibacterial therapy, but cases of resistance are increasing, as a result of poor choice and irrational use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to characterize bacterial growth in UTI’s and susceptibility profiles to different antibacterial. The collection of cases diagnosed in dogs was made at the veterinary clinic Linda-a-Vet, between 2011 and 2014. Later held a retrospective statistical study where a higher incidence in old males was observed, without any evidence of racial predisposition. There were only cases of simple UTI’s, with no recurrent or persistent cases, and were all caused by a single bacterial agent. The bacterial agent with the highest prevalence in the sample was Escherichiacoli with 64.3% of total cases of isolation. Other common agents in UTI’s were also isolated such as Streptococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In general, for all microorganisms, aztreonam, gentamicin and cefpirome were the most effective antibacterial in the treatment of UTI,for this sample. Furthermore, enrofloxacin, one of the most desirable antimicrobial agents in empiric treatment of UTI's proved to be completely ineffective,with 100% of the isolated bacteria showing resistance to this drug.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease that occurs in 14% of dogs that visit a veterinarian during their lifetime. It is a common reason for the use of antibacterial therapy, but cases of resistance are increasing, as a result of poor choice and irrational use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to characterize bacterial growth in UTI’s and susceptibility profiles to different antibacterial. The collection of cases diagnosed in dogs was made at the veterinary clinic Linda-a-Vet, between 2011 and 2014. Later held a retrospective statistical study where a higher incidence in old males was observed, without any evidence of racial predisposition. There were only cases of simple UTI’s, with no recurrent or persistent cases, and were all caused by a single bacterial agent. The bacterial agent with the highest prevalence in the sample was Escherichiacoli with 64.3% of total cases of isolation. Other common agents in UTI’s were also isolated such as Streptococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In general, for all microorganisms, aztreonam, gentamicin and cefpirome were the most effective antibacterial in the treatment of UTI,for this sample. Furthermore, enrofloxacin, one of the most desirable antimicrobial agents in empiric treatment of UTI's proved to be completely ineffective,with 100% of the isolated bacteria showing resistance to this drug.
Descrição
Orientação : Pedro Faísca ; co-orientação : Luís Resende
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, CÃES, DOGS, INFEÇÕES BACTERIANAS, BACTERIAL INFECTIONS, SISTEMA URINÁRIO, URINARY SYSTEM, ANTIBIÓTICOS, ANTIBIOTICS, RESISTÊNCIA AOS ANTIBIÓTICOS, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, VETERINÁRIA