Educação ambiental e formação de uma mentalidade ecológica: um estudo sobre a eficácia das ações desenvolvidas no ensino fundamental
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2007
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No mundo atual cresce cada vez mais a preocupação de ambientalistas, ONG's,
estudiosos, ecólogos e da sociedade em geral com a degradação ambiental. O
estilo moderno de vida, baseado no consumo desenfreado e inconseqüente,
estimulado pelo sistema capitalista tem promovido, paulatinamente, o
esgotamento dos recursos naturais. O adensamento populacional, o excesso de
demanda e a evolução tecnológica têm levado as aglomerações humanas a não
refletirem sobre as questões ambientais, e usarem esse bem de consumo como
inesgotáveis, disponíveis e ilimitados, que vem se acumulando como fator de
agressão ao meio ambiente ao longo dos anos. É de suma importância e
necessária a adoção de uma reeducação ambiental a um novo modo de agir mais
eficaz com relação a uma preservação ambiental consciente. Nesse sentido a
educação ambiental é identificada como um instrumento capaz de contribuir para
a construção de novos padrões de comportamento e atitudes a partir da escola,
gerando mudanças e proporcionando melhor qualidade de vida nas futuras
gerações. Este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta como tema a sensibilização,
conscientização e adoção em educação ambiental no ensino fundamental e, tem
por objetivo identificar e mensurar o grau de sensibilização ambiental dos alunos
do ensino fundamental, a partir da investigação em uma escola pública do
município de Guarabira, no Estado da Paraíba, tendo como premissa básica que
adoção, sensibilização e conscientização são ferramentas fundamentais para
promover com sucesso a educação ambiental. Esta pesquisa, de caráter quantiqualitativa,
foi realizada entre janeiro e dezembro de 2006. O universo da
pesquisa contou com 252 alunos das 8ªs séries do Ensino Fundamental e a
amostra de 106 alunos desse universo, representando 42,6%. Os dados foram
coletados através de questionários, nos turnos diurno e noturno. Como resultado
da análise dos resultados, detectou-se que o modelo adotado na escola não
contempla, aos educandos, um grau eficaz de adoção, sensibilização e adoção
quanto a educação ambiental, ferramenta fundamental desse processo educativo.
Conclui-se que a EA não é repassada, pela escola, priorizando a sensibilização, a
conscientização de maneira contínua e permanente, objetivando mudança de
atitudes e comportamento nas atividades vividas pelos educandos, dentro e fora
da escola, transformando-os em atores de um processo, onde os hábitos, valores
e atitudes sejam balizados por uma nova postura ética e concreta (adoção) com
relação ao meio ambiente.
In the present world, the preoccupation of environmentalists, NGOs, studious, ecologists and society in general with the degradation of the environment has been growing more and more. The modern lifestyle based on unruled an inconsequent consume, stimulated by the capitalism system, has slowly promoted the wasting of natural resources. Increasing of population, excess of demand and technological evolution have been leading human crowds not to think on environmental issues and to use environment as infinite, available and unlimited, which has been happening as a factor of aggression over nature through out the years. It is necessary and of great importance the adoption of an environmental reeducation, a new way of acting, more efficient, when it comes to a conscious preservation of the environment. In this sense, environmental education is identified as an instrument that might contribute to the construction of new patterns of behavior and attitude at school, creating changes and providing better quality of life for the future generations. This research shows as theme sensitizing, consciousness and adoption in environmental education in fundamental education and has the objective of identifying and measuring the level of environmental sensitiveness of students of fundamental education, by an investigation in a public school in Guarabira town, Paraíba state, based on the basic premise that adoption, sensitizing and consciousness are fundamental tools to promote environmental education successfully. This research of quantitative and qualitative character was made from January to December of 2006. The universe of the research was of 252 students of the 8th grades of the fundamental education and the sample was of 106 students of this universe, what represents 42,6%. Data was collected through questionnaires, in the day and night shifts. The analysis of the results showed that the model adopted at school does not contemplate students with an efficient level of adoption, sensitizing and adoption due to an environmental education, fundamental tool of this educational process. We conclude that EE is not transmitted at school, prioritizing sensitizing, consciousness in a continuous and permanent way and aiming the changing of attitudes an behavior in the activities carried out by students, inside and outside school, making them actors of a process in which habits, values and attitudes are based on a new ethical and concrete (adoption) posture in relation to environment.
In the present world, the preoccupation of environmentalists, NGOs, studious, ecologists and society in general with the degradation of the environment has been growing more and more. The modern lifestyle based on unruled an inconsequent consume, stimulated by the capitalism system, has slowly promoted the wasting of natural resources. Increasing of population, excess of demand and technological evolution have been leading human crowds not to think on environmental issues and to use environment as infinite, available and unlimited, which has been happening as a factor of aggression over nature through out the years. It is necessary and of great importance the adoption of an environmental reeducation, a new way of acting, more efficient, when it comes to a conscious preservation of the environment. In this sense, environmental education is identified as an instrument that might contribute to the construction of new patterns of behavior and attitude at school, creating changes and providing better quality of life for the future generations. This research shows as theme sensitizing, consciousness and adoption in environmental education in fundamental education and has the objective of identifying and measuring the level of environmental sensitiveness of students of fundamental education, by an investigation in a public school in Guarabira town, Paraíba state, based on the basic premise that adoption, sensitizing and consciousness are fundamental tools to promote environmental education successfully. This research of quantitative and qualitative character was made from January to December of 2006. The universe of the research was of 252 students of the 8th grades of the fundamental education and the sample was of 106 students of this universe, what represents 42,6%. Data was collected through questionnaires, in the day and night shifts. The analysis of the results showed that the model adopted at school does not contemplate students with an efficient level of adoption, sensitizing and adoption due to an environmental education, fundamental tool of this educational process. We conclude that EE is not transmitted at school, prioritizing sensitizing, consciousness in a continuous and permanent way and aiming the changing of attitudes an behavior in the activities carried out by students, inside and outside school, making them actors of a process in which habits, values and attitudes are based on a new ethical and concrete (adoption) posture in relation to environment.
Descrição
Orientação: Marisete Fernandes de Lima ; co-orientação: António Teodoro
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL, ECOLOGIA, MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION, ECOLOGY, EDUCATION