Distração intermodal por sons emocionais durante a realização de atividades da vida diária em realidade virtual
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A compreensão dos fatores que potenciam a distração durante a atenção visual focada mantém-se em investigação ativa. Literatura importante sugere que estímulos emocionais altamente ativadores (e.g. cenários eróticos) interferem com o desempenho em tarefas de atenção visual comparativamente a estímulos neutros (e.g. imagens de flores), assim como estímulos emocionais de baixa ativação (e.g. risos), ainda que estes efeitos dependam da modalidade e paradigma apresentado e as bases teóricas que sustentam estes efeitos sejam divergentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar como a ativação emocional pode atuar como um fator distrator durante a realização de atividades de vida diária (AVDs) em contexto de realidade virtual (RV), num cenário ecologicamente válido. Especificamente, procurou-se comparar o impacto de sons altamente ativadores, sons de baixa ativação e neutros no desempenho atencional, por medidas comportamentais e psicofisiológicas, tendo sido postuladas duas hipóteses concorrentes, baseadas na literatura existente: efeito de distração ou suplementação por parte de estímulos emocionalmente ativadores. Os resultados encontrados suportam a hipótese da suplementação, apontando para um maior prejuízo atencional perante estímulos de baixa ativação quando em comparação com estímulos de alta ativação, que parecem facilitar o desempenho atencional. Foram exploradas covariáveis importantes e discutidas vantagens e desvantagens do estudo, assim como potencialidades para linhas de investigação futuras.
Understanding the factors that enhance distraction during focused visual attention is still under active investigation. Important literature suggests that highly activating emotional stimuli (e.g. erotic scenes) interfere with performance in visual attention tasks compared to neutral stimuli (e.g. images of flowers), as well as low activating emotional stimuli (e.g. laughter), although these effects depend on the modality and paradigm presented and the theoretical bases supporting these effects are divergent. The aim of this study was to analyze how emotional activation can act as a distracting factor during the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) in a virtual reality (VR) context, in an ecologically valid scenario. Specifically, we sought to compare the impact of highly activating sounds, low activating sounds and neutral sounds on attentional performance, using behavioral and psychophysiological measures. Two competing hypotheses were postulated, based on existing literature: distraction effect or supplementation by emotionally activating stimuli. The results found support the supplementation hypothesis, pointing to greater attentional impairment in the face of low activation stimuli when compared to high activation stimuli, which seem to facilitate attentional performance. Important covariates were explored, and advantages and disadvantages of the study were discussed, as well as potential for future lines of research.
Understanding the factors that enhance distraction during focused visual attention is still under active investigation. Important literature suggests that highly activating emotional stimuli (e.g. erotic scenes) interfere with performance in visual attention tasks compared to neutral stimuli (e.g. images of flowers), as well as low activating emotional stimuli (e.g. laughter), although these effects depend on the modality and paradigm presented and the theoretical bases supporting these effects are divergent. The aim of this study was to analyze how emotional activation can act as a distracting factor during the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) in a virtual reality (VR) context, in an ecologically valid scenario. Specifically, we sought to compare the impact of highly activating sounds, low activating sounds and neutral sounds on attentional performance, using behavioral and psychophysiological measures. Two competing hypotheses were postulated, based on existing literature: distraction effect or supplementation by emotionally activating stimuli. The results found support the supplementation hypothesis, pointing to greater attentional impairment in the face of low activation stimuli when compared to high activation stimuli, which seem to facilitate attentional performance. Important covariates were explored, and advantages and disadvantages of the study were discussed, as well as potential for future lines of research.