Reprodução Medicamente Assistida e Direito Penal : beneficiários, sanções e as perspetivas de futuro face ao contexto global
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2014
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Na presente dissertação abordaremos a evolução histórica e político legislativa da reprodução/procriação medicamente assistida e as alterações que ocorreram no casamento civil e possível alteração ao instituto da adoção, analisando para o efeito jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional.
Para depois, após tratarmos de uma panorâmica geral da PMA. e institutos com a matéria relacionados, debruçarmo-nos no problema em especial, ou seja, nas sanções penais, de mera ordenação social e sanções acessórias em torno da violação do disposto no artigo 6.º da Lei número 31/2006 de 26/07, da responsabilidade penal médica e da legitimidade da intervenção penal e contraordenacional.
Também analisaremos, em especial, quais os beneficiários das técnicas de PMA. face ao direito comparado (abordando a este título as experiências italiana, francesa, espanhola, inglesa e californiana) descrevendo se existem sanções em caso de violação do artigo que os define, no intuito de num quadro síntese, elaborarmos uma comparação das diferentes sanções existentes ou inexistentes.
E, por último, abordaremos algumas questões atuais de direito penal internacional, diretamente relacionadas com a PMA., que surgiram da aplicação prática da própria lei, designadamente o efeito que a liberdade de circulação na Europa provoca na matéria em análise, o fenómeno crescente do «turismo reprodutivo», o fundamento arguido para a restrição, proibição e até criminalização dos beneficiários e ainda a consequente inaplicabilidade das sanções existentes.
É nossa intenção, abordar a norma constante no artigo 6.º da Lei da procriação medicamente assistida que trata dos beneficiários das técnicas de PMA., fazendo uma reflexão crítica da legislação existente recorrendo a jurisprudência nacional e mundial,para delinearmos por fim, se o progresso legislativo português seguiu o seu melhor percurso e o que poderíamos alterar de modo a aperfeiçoá-lo, dando para o efeito as nossas humildes conclusões e possíveis soluções.
Cumpre advertir que estarão excluídas do âmbito da presente dissertação todas as outras normas e sanções aplicáveis na Lei da PMA., que se reportam a outras dogmáticas, não conexas com o nosso tema.
Mais do que o estrito problema jurídico, procuraremos seguir o rumo das consequências jurídicas das sanções existentes, procurando descrever a sua evolução recente para tentar, numa apreciação crítica, antecipar a sua evolução futura.
In this essay we will focus on the historical evolution of policy and legislative medically assisted reproduction/procreation and still the alterations occurred in the civil marriage and possible alteration in the adoption institute, including analyzing jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court related to the same. For then and after dealing with an overview of PMA., avail ourselves in the question in special, in criminal sanctions, of mere social ordinance and additional sanctions around the violation of article 6th of the Law number 31/2006 of 26/07, the medical criminal responsibility and the legitimacy of the criminal and countermanding intervention. We also analyze, in particular, what are the benefits of the techniques of PMA. In view of the comparative jurisprudence (focusing under this pretense the Italian, French, Spanish, English and Californian experiences) describing whether there are sanctions in case of violation of the article which defines them, with the purpose of drawing up in a synthesis, a comparison of the different existing or non-existing sanctions. And, at last, we will focus some current questions of International Criminal Law, directly related with PMA., which arose from the practical application of the law itself, namely the effect that freedom of movement in Europe causes in the analyzing matter, the creasing phenomenon of «reproductive tourism», the ground which is argued for the restriction, prohibition and even criminalization of the beneficiaries and still the consequent inapplicability of the existing sanctions. It´s our purpose, to focus the consisting rule in the article 6th of the medically assisted procreation/reproduction which treats the beneficiaries of the techniques of PMA., making a critical reflection of the existing legislation appealing to a national and world-wide jurisprudence, to outline, lastly, if the Portuguese legislative development has followed its best way and what we could change in order to improve, giving, for the effect our humble conclusions and possible solutions. It should be warned that it will be excluded from the scope of this essay all the other rules and applicable sanctions on the Law of PMA., which refers to other dogmatic, ones not connected with our theme. More than the strict juridical problem, we will try to follow the course of the juridical consequences of the existing sanctions, trying to describe the recent evolution to try, in a critical analysis, to anticipate its future one.
In this essay we will focus on the historical evolution of policy and legislative medically assisted reproduction/procreation and still the alterations occurred in the civil marriage and possible alteration in the adoption institute, including analyzing jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court related to the same. For then and after dealing with an overview of PMA., avail ourselves in the question in special, in criminal sanctions, of mere social ordinance and additional sanctions around the violation of article 6th of the Law number 31/2006 of 26/07, the medical criminal responsibility and the legitimacy of the criminal and countermanding intervention. We also analyze, in particular, what are the benefits of the techniques of PMA. In view of the comparative jurisprudence (focusing under this pretense the Italian, French, Spanish, English and Californian experiences) describing whether there are sanctions in case of violation of the article which defines them, with the purpose of drawing up in a synthesis, a comparison of the different existing or non-existing sanctions. And, at last, we will focus some current questions of International Criminal Law, directly related with PMA., which arose from the practical application of the law itself, namely the effect that freedom of movement in Europe causes in the analyzing matter, the creasing phenomenon of «reproductive tourism», the ground which is argued for the restriction, prohibition and even criminalization of the beneficiaries and still the consequent inapplicability of the existing sanctions. It´s our purpose, to focus the consisting rule in the article 6th of the medically assisted procreation/reproduction which treats the beneficiaries of the techniques of PMA., making a critical reflection of the existing legislation appealing to a national and world-wide jurisprudence, to outline, lastly, if the Portuguese legislative development has followed its best way and what we could change in order to improve, giving, for the effect our humble conclusions and possible solutions. It should be warned that it will be excluded from the scope of this essay all the other rules and applicable sanctions on the Law of PMA., which refers to other dogmatic, ones not connected with our theme. More than the strict juridical problem, we will try to follow the course of the juridical consequences of the existing sanctions, trying to describe the recent evolution to try, in a critical analysis, to anticipate its future one.
Descrição
Orientação : José Inácio Clímaco de Sousa e Brito
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM DIREITO, REPRODUÇÃO MEDICAMENTE ASSISTIDA, ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY, SANÇÕES PENAIS, CRIMINAL SANCTIONS, LIBERDADE DE CIRCULAÇÃO, FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT, DIREITO PENAL, CRIMINAL LAW