A relação da liderança - gestão da escola com os resultados dos alunos
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2020
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Com o crescente interesse nos resultados dos alunos e na melhoria das suas aprendizagens, as escolas e os seus Diretores/Gestores têm um papel mais ativo na perseguição dessa mesma melhoria.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar como os Diretores/Gestores escolares estão a conseguir cumprir a missão a que se propuseram, nomeadamente em relação aos resultados escolares dos seus alunos, quais as dificuldades e constrangimentos que enfrentam para o fazerem e que possibilidades têm ao seu dispor para ultrapassarem esses obstáculos.
Para alcançar os objetivos da nossa investigação, realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos, tendo sido escolhidas três escolas do distrito de Setúbal, pela similaridade da estrutura do agrupamento a que pertencem, sua proximidade geográfica e a possibilidade de acesso do investigador aos dados analisados.
A recolha de dados foi realizada através da análise dos documentos estruturantes dos Agrupamentos, entrevistas semiestruturadas aos Diretores/Gestores desses Agrupamentos, assim como através de um questionário aos docentes desses Agrupamentos.
Os principais resultados revelam que os diretores esperam que as recentes alterações à legislação aplicada ao Ensino Básico abra um leque maior de possibilidades para criar condições para uma melhoria dos resultados dos alunos, vêm na realização do Relatório de Avaliação Interna uma ajuda para perceber quais os pontos fortes e fracos das Instituições escolares e a interligação interna da organização, assim como a interligação da escola com a comunidade externa.
Os principais constrangimentos apontados, para a melhoria dos resultados escolares dos alunos, são envelhecimento da classe docente, falta de tempo para investirem no atendimento de questões pedagógicas e os fracos recursos financeiros e humanos, o que leva a uma dificuldade acrescida na implementação de novas estratégias e novos projetos.
Para conseguirem ultrapassar estes constrangimentos, as escolas necessitam de um reforço de verbas e de recursos humanos, além de um maior crédito horário a atribuir aos seus docentes, para conseguirem influenciarem positivamente as aprendizagens significativas dos alunos e, consequentemente, melhorar os seus resultados escolares.
Palavras-chave: Liderança escolar, gestão escolar, resultados escolares.
Since there is a growing interest in educational outcomes as well as in the improvement of the students’ academic performances, schools in general and specifically their principals play an active role in the achievement of such goals. The aim of this research was to identify how school principals are able to fulfill the mission they have set for themselves. In particular, in what way they manage the results of their students; which difficulties arise in the process; what are the tools that principals have to overcome the challenges. In order to achieve the objectives of our research, a study of multiple cases was carried out in three schools located in the municipality of Setúbal. These schools were selected because they share a similar grouping structure. Another factor was their geographical proximity, allowing the investigator an easier access to the analyzed data. This data was collected a) through the analysis of the structuring documents of the school groupings, b) by means of semi-structured interviews with each director and also c) with the help of a questionnaire addressed to the teachers of the groupings. Results indicate that principals expect recent changes in basic education legislation to allow a wider range of possibilities in creating conditions for an improvement of students’ outcomes. Also that the principals perceive internal assessment reports as tools to understanding the strengths and the frailties of their institutions. Lastly, that the same reports show how schools connect internally and if there is a connection between the schools and the community. There are three major difficulties affecting students' outcomes improvement: an ageing teaching class; the lack of time to invest in pedagogical issues; weak financial and human resources. Such obstacles lead to increased difficulty in implementing new projects and strategies. In order to overcome said constraints, schools need a strengthening of monetary funds, as well as additional human resources. Other beneficial measures include a greater hourly credit to be allocated to their teachers in order to positively influence the students’ significant learning. This would certainly prove helpful in the improvement of educational outcomes.
Since there is a growing interest in educational outcomes as well as in the improvement of the students’ academic performances, schools in general and specifically their principals play an active role in the achievement of such goals. The aim of this research was to identify how school principals are able to fulfill the mission they have set for themselves. In particular, in what way they manage the results of their students; which difficulties arise in the process; what are the tools that principals have to overcome the challenges. In order to achieve the objectives of our research, a study of multiple cases was carried out in three schools located in the municipality of Setúbal. These schools were selected because they share a similar grouping structure. Another factor was their geographical proximity, allowing the investigator an easier access to the analyzed data. This data was collected a) through the analysis of the structuring documents of the school groupings, b) by means of semi-structured interviews with each director and also c) with the help of a questionnaire addressed to the teachers of the groupings. Results indicate that principals expect recent changes in basic education legislation to allow a wider range of possibilities in creating conditions for an improvement of students’ outcomes. Also that the principals perceive internal assessment reports as tools to understanding the strengths and the frailties of their institutions. Lastly, that the same reports show how schools connect internally and if there is a connection between the schools and the community. There are three major difficulties affecting students' outcomes improvement: an ageing teaching class; the lack of time to invest in pedagogical issues; weak financial and human resources. Such obstacles lead to increased difficulty in implementing new projects and strategies. In order to overcome said constraints, schools need a strengthening of monetary funds, as well as additional human resources. Other beneficial measures include a greater hourly credit to be allocated to their teachers in order to positively influence the students’ significant learning. This would certainly prove helpful in the improvement of educational outcomes.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Paula Silva
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL E REGULAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, LIDERANÇA, GESTÃO ESCOLAR, DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR, EDUCATION, LEADERSHIP, EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT, SCHOOL PERFORMANCE