Resiliência, estratégias e competências dos enfermeiros em contexto COVID-19
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2023
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
O conceito de resiliência consiste na capacidade de um indivíduo se adaptar e recuperar, de
modo a ser bem sucedido face aos obstáculos que se impõem, ou seja, é a capacidade dos
indivíduos ultrapassarem dificuldades. Os profissionais de saúde são confrontados diariamente
com diversas dificuldades e neste último ano mais ainda, devido à pandemia provocada pelo
COVID-19. As diferentes vertentes da saúde (física, mental e emocional) foram bastante
afetadas, assim como o bem estar, a qualidade de vida e capacidade de trabalho destes
profissionais. Isto colocou em causa o desempenho dos enfermeiros e a segurança da
população. Neste contexto, a relevância da resiliência, nomeadamente, competências pessoais
e a implementação de ações, são fulcrais para momentos de crises, de modo a reduzir o impacto
provocado pelo coronavírus. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a resiliência, as
competências e as estratégias dos enfermeiros no contexto hospitalar face ao COVID-19. Neste
seguimento, esta temática dá lugar a um estudo empírico, onde foi utilizada a Técnica de
Incidentes Críticos, para a estruturação do método de recolha de dados: por entrevista.
Escolheu-se a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento, analisando-as de acordo com a
literatura existente. A dimensão da amostra do estudo incide sobre 20 enfermeiros em contexto
hospitalar, que passaram por situações adversas durante a primeira fase do período pandémico
provocado pelo COVID-19 em Portugal. Dos incidentes críticos referidos pelos entrevistados
os fatores de risco que mais se destacaram foram a falta de preparação, a falta de recursos
humanos e de recursos materiais. Para colmatar os fatores de risco provenientes da pandemia
COVID-19, os enfermeiros ativaram e desenvolveram fatores de proteção de modo a
ultrapassar todas as situações adversas. As competências imprescindíveis de resiliência em
contexto COVID-19, segundo os enfermeiros são: ser um bom gestor de prioridades, um bom
gestor de tempo e ter uma grande capacidade de adaptação. O espírito de equipa foi também
parte integrante no combate a esta guerra invisível e desconhecida.
The concept of resilience is the ability of an individual to adapt and recover, in order to be successful facing obstacles that are imposed, that is, it is the ability of individuals to overcome differences. Health professionals have to face, daily, many difficulties and in this last years even more due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19.The different aspects of health (physical, mental and emotional) were significantly affected, as well as well-being, quality of life and ability to work of these professionals. This compromised the performance of nurses and the safety of the population. In this context, the relevance of resilience, specially, personal skills and the implementation of actions, are crucial to moments of crisis, in order to reduce the impact caused by the coronavirus. The present study aims to analyse the resilience, skills and strategies of nurses in hospital context when facing COVID-19. Therefore, this theme leads to an empirical study, where the Critical Incident Technique was used to structure the data collection method: by interview. The semi-structured interview was chosen as an instrument, analysing them according to the existing literature. The sample size of the study focuses on 20 nurses in a hospital context, who went through adverse situations during the first phase of the pandemic period caused by COVID-19 in Portugal. Of the critical incidents mentioned by the interviewees, the risk factors that stood out the most were the lack of preparation, human and material resources. To address the risk factors arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing professionals activated and developed protective factors in order to overcome all adverse situations. The essential skills of resilience in the COVID-19 context, according to interviewed nurses, are being a good priority manager, a good time manager and having a great ability to adapt. Team spirit was also an integral part of fighting this invisible and unknown war.
The concept of resilience is the ability of an individual to adapt and recover, in order to be successful facing obstacles that are imposed, that is, it is the ability of individuals to overcome differences. Health professionals have to face, daily, many difficulties and in this last years even more due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19.The different aspects of health (physical, mental and emotional) were significantly affected, as well as well-being, quality of life and ability to work of these professionals. This compromised the performance of nurses and the safety of the population. In this context, the relevance of resilience, specially, personal skills and the implementation of actions, are crucial to moments of crisis, in order to reduce the impact caused by the coronavirus. The present study aims to analyse the resilience, skills and strategies of nurses in hospital context when facing COVID-19. Therefore, this theme leads to an empirical study, where the Critical Incident Technique was used to structure the data collection method: by interview. The semi-structured interview was chosen as an instrument, analysing them according to the existing literature. The sample size of the study focuses on 20 nurses in a hospital context, who went through adverse situations during the first phase of the pandemic period caused by COVID-19 in Portugal. Of the critical incidents mentioned by the interviewees, the risk factors that stood out the most were the lack of preparation, human and material resources. To address the risk factors arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing professionals activated and developed protective factors in order to overcome all adverse situations. The essential skills of resilience in the COVID-19 context, according to interviewed nurses, are being a good priority manager, a good time manager and having a great ability to adapt. Team spirit was also an integral part of fighting this invisible and unknown war.
Descrição
Orientação: Maria Helena Gonçalves Martins
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS, ECONOMIA, RESILIÊNCIA, ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFERMAGEM, COMPETÊNCIAS, ENFERMEIROS, COVID-19, ECONOMY, RESILIENCE, NURSING STRATEGIES, SKILLS, NURSES