As consultas de nutrição em farmácia : análise das perceções e experiências dos profissionais envolvidos
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2022
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A Organização Mundial de Saúde considera a promoção de saúde uma prioridade. A nutrição, gestão de peso e atividades físicas são estratégias necessárias para aumentar a qualidade de vida e diminuir as consequências pessoais e sociais da pouca saúde. A farmácia comunitária está na melhor posição para implementar estratégias de promoção para a saúde devido à sua excelente acessibilidade. Tornar as pessoas capazes de mudar o seu estilo de vida e de controlar a sua saúde através da educação nutricional e aconselhamento nutricional são ótimas oportunidades para a farmácia na promoção de saúde. Portugal é um dos poucos países em que a legislação permite a realização de consultas de nutrição, por nutricionistas, nas farmácias comunitárias. Estas consultas dependem do espaço da farmácia e da colaboração interprofissional. Na maioria dos países as consultas de nutrição nas farmácias são inexistentes e os farmacêuticos fazem aconselhamento nutricional aos utentes durante o atendimento. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a perceção dos farmacêuticos sobre as consultas de nutrição. Em Portugal seria possível realizar apenas este aconselhamento, qual o motivo para ter consultas de nutrição em farmácia comunitária e será que os farmacêuticos estão dispostos a colaborar com os nutricionistas são as perguntas a que queremos responder. Para responder a todas estas questões foi feito um estudo de caso, observacional, exploratório transversal com participantes farmacêuticos e nutricionistas de várias cidades de Portugal. É notória a urgência na formação dos farmacêuticos no que toca a suplementos alimentares. O aconselhamento farmacêutico é influenciado pela falta de conhecimento do profissional e sobressaem questões éticas em conflito devido ao lucro associado aos suplementos vendidos na farmácia. A colaboração entre Farmacêuticos e Nutricionistas é vista como uma mais-valia. Aumenta a eficácia do acompanhamento nutricional, melhora as competências de comunicação de ambos os profissionais, ajuda na identificação dos problemas do utente e aumenta a capacidade de trabalho em equipa dos profissionais. De forma geral os profissionais estão satisfeitos com as consultas de nutrição em farmácia comunitária. O cross-selling, a promoção de saúde e a acessibilidade foram apresentadas como as maiores vantagens das consultas nestes estabelecimentos. A aliança a suplementos, a falta de espaço na farmácia e o aumento da carga laboral da equipa foram apresentadas como as maiores desvantagens. Os farmacêuticos apresentam baixo conhecimento sobre as necessidades dos nutricionistas para realizarem uma consulta de qualidade. A Farmácia é referida como um local de primeira linha de saúde, prestação de serviços e de fácil acesso ao utente. Como tal é um local ideal para a promoção de saúde. A opinião dos Farmacêuticos e Nutricionistas convergiu: ambos sugerem o aumento de tempo, melhoria de espaço, aumento do preço das consultas e maior divulgação como melhorias ao serviço. As consultas podem melhorar se houver colaboração entre profissionais, melhor comunicação e foco na literacia em saúde do utente. 92% dos farmacêuticos refere não ter formação adequada para aconselhar nutricionalmente. 54% concorda com a possibilidade de fazer aconselhamento nutricional e 46% discorda.
The World Health Organization considers health promotion a priority. Nutrition, weight management and physical activity are necessary strategies to increase the quality of life and decrease the personal and social consequences of poor health. The community pharmacy is in the best position to implement health promotion strategies because of its excellent accessibility. Making people able to change their lifestyle and control their health through nutrition education and nutritional counseling are great opportunities for pharmacy in health promotion. Portugal is one of the few countries where legislation allows nutrition consultations to be carried out by nutritionists in community pharmacies. In most countries, nutrition consultations in pharmacies are non-existent and pharmacists provide nutritional counseling to patients during consultation. These consultations depend on the pharmacy space and interprofessional collaboration. This study aims to analyze pharmacists' perception of nutrition consultations. In Portugal, would it be possible to carry out only this nutrition advice. What is the reason for having nutrition consultations in a community pharmacy and are pharmacists willing to collaborate with nutritionists are the questions we want to answer. To answer all these questions, an observational, exploratory, cross-sectional case study was carried out with pharmaceutical participants from several cities in Portugal. The urgency in the training of pharmacists regarding food supplements is notorious. Pharmaceutical counseling is influenced by the professional's lack of knowledge and conflicting ethical issues arise due to the profit associated with supplements sold at the pharmacy. The collaboration between Pharmacists and Nutritionists is seen as an asset. It increases the effectiveness of nutritional monitoring, improves the communication skills of both professionals, helps in the identification of the patient's problems and increases the teamwork capacity of professionals. In general, professionals are satisfied with nutrition consultations in community pharmacy. Cross-selling, health promotion and accessibility were presented as the biggest advantages of consultations in these establishments. The alliance with supplements, the lack of space in the pharmacy and the increase in the workload of the team were presented as the biggest disadvantages. Pharmacists have little knowledge about the nutritionists' needs to carry out a quality consultation. The Pharmacy is referred to as a place of first line of health, provision of services and of easy access to the user. As such it is an ideal location for health promotion. The opinion of Pharmacists and Nutritionists converged: both suggest increasing time, improving space, increasing the price of consultations and greater dissemination as improvements to the service. Consultations can improve if there is collaboration between professionals, better communication and a focus on patient health literacy. 92% of pharmacists report not having adequate training to provide nutritional advice. 54% agree with the possibility of nutritional counseling and 46% disagree.
The World Health Organization considers health promotion a priority. Nutrition, weight management and physical activity are necessary strategies to increase the quality of life and decrease the personal and social consequences of poor health. The community pharmacy is in the best position to implement health promotion strategies because of its excellent accessibility. Making people able to change their lifestyle and control their health through nutrition education and nutritional counseling are great opportunities for pharmacy in health promotion. Portugal is one of the few countries where legislation allows nutrition consultations to be carried out by nutritionists in community pharmacies. In most countries, nutrition consultations in pharmacies are non-existent and pharmacists provide nutritional counseling to patients during consultation. These consultations depend on the pharmacy space and interprofessional collaboration. This study aims to analyze pharmacists' perception of nutrition consultations. In Portugal, would it be possible to carry out only this nutrition advice. What is the reason for having nutrition consultations in a community pharmacy and are pharmacists willing to collaborate with nutritionists are the questions we want to answer. To answer all these questions, an observational, exploratory, cross-sectional case study was carried out with pharmaceutical participants from several cities in Portugal. The urgency in the training of pharmacists regarding food supplements is notorious. Pharmaceutical counseling is influenced by the professional's lack of knowledge and conflicting ethical issues arise due to the profit associated with supplements sold at the pharmacy. The collaboration between Pharmacists and Nutritionists is seen as an asset. It increases the effectiveness of nutritional monitoring, improves the communication skills of both professionals, helps in the identification of the patient's problems and increases the teamwork capacity of professionals. In general, professionals are satisfied with nutrition consultations in community pharmacy. Cross-selling, health promotion and accessibility were presented as the biggest advantages of consultations in these establishments. The alliance with supplements, the lack of space in the pharmacy and the increase in the workload of the team were presented as the biggest disadvantages. Pharmacists have little knowledge about the nutritionists' needs to carry out a quality consultation. The Pharmacy is referred to as a place of first line of health, provision of services and of easy access to the user. As such it is an ideal location for health promotion. The opinion of Pharmacists and Nutritionists converged: both suggest increasing time, improving space, increasing the price of consultations and greater dissemination as improvements to the service. Consultations can improve if there is collaboration between professionals, better communication and a focus on patient health literacy. 92% of pharmacists report not having adequate training to provide nutritional advice. 54% agree with the possibility of nutritional counseling and 46% disagree.
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Orientação: João Gregório
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, FARMACÊUTICOS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, PHARMACISTS, PERCEPTION, APPOINTMENTS, NUTRITION, PERCEÇÃO, CONSULTAS, NUTRIÇÃO