A importância da liderança transformacional em tempo de pandemia Covid-19 : estudo de caso Da Vinci Airports com aplicações da PLSR e PLS-DA
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2021
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Nesta época pandémica que estamos a atravessar desde março de 2020, a Liderança Transformacional tem cada vez mais importância, na resiliência das empresas e grupos económicos desta mesma época, e ao mesmo tempo salvaguardar as necessidades dos seus ativos mais importantes, os seus colaboradores. O setor de transporte aéreo, comercial e civil é, atualmente, a par de ser o setor essencial no desenvolvimento económico, é o mais atingindo por esta crise pandémica, tendo sofrido quebras de mais de 90% no seu EBITDA em relação ao ano de 2019 bem como o encerramento de inúmeros Aeroportos, bem como a implicação direta na falência ou dificuldades económicas graves de muitas companhias aéreas. Sendo o setor que se representa como o mais importante agente facilitador nas trocas culturais e comerciais entre os diversos países, representando cerca de 35% do comércio mundial (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C 100 I/01). Esta investigação tem como objetivo primordial a demonstração da importância estratégica, na necessidade de haver uma liderança transformacional no setor da gestão aeronáutica em contexto de pandemia. Este estudo tem como objetivo a análise de forma como a liderança transformacional está relacionada positivamente com a resiliência quer das equipas de trabalho, quer da confiança dos passageiros em relação aos aeroportos que utilizam nas suas viagens, designadamente, nos aeroportos do grupo VINCI Airports. Para o devido efeito, irá se estabelecer uma relação entre as diferentes variáveis, o problema identificado e a liderança transformacional, utilizando dados estatísticos recolhidos e trabalhados através do Método de Análise da Regressão de Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLSR–1º ensaio) e análise discriminante de mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS-AD-2º ensaio). O estudo utiliza duas amostras distintas para cada um dos ensaios. No 1º ensaio o estudo utiliza uma amostra de 5.120 colaboradores dos aeroportos do grupo Vinci; no 2º ensaio utiliza uma amostra de 15.767 respostas de passageiros desses mesmos Aeroportos em virtude deste método ter um algoritmo robusto e de minimizar os efeitos da multicolinearidade de amostras de reduzida dimensão como a analisada no presente estudo. Em síntese, para o negócio aviação a pandemia COVID-19 teve um impacto muito negativo, levando a perdas financeiras de 90% e perda de inúmeros postos de trabalho. No entanto, a existência de uma liderança transformacional na gestão de cada um dos negócios de aviação (Aeroporto) irá de alguma forma minimizar esse impacto, conseguindo ajustar a sua estratégia ao contexto pandémico através da segurança das suas instalações aeroportuárias para todos que têm a necessidade de utilizá-las, conseguido mitigar as suas perdas durante a crise COVID-19 e ao mesmo tempo manter ao máximo o número dos seus colaboradores.
In this pandemic era that we are going through since March 2020, Transformational Leadership is increasingly important, in the resilience of companies and economic groups in this same epoch, and at the same time safeguard the needs of their most important assets, their employees. The air, commercial and civil transportation sector is currently, in addition to being the essential sector in the economic development, is the most affected by this pandemic crisis, having suffered falls of more than 90% in its EBITDA in relation to the year 2019 as well as the closure of numerous Airports, and the direct implication in the bankruptcy or serious economic difficulties of many airlines. Being the sector that represents itself as the most important facilitator agent in cultural and commercial exchanges between different countries, representing about 35% of world trade (Commission Communication 2020/C 100 I/01). The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the strategic importance of the need for transformational leadership in the aeronautical management sector in a pandemic context. This study aims to analyze how transformational leadership is positively related to the resilience of both the work teams and the passengers' trust in the airports they use for their trips, namely the airports of the VINCI Airports group. To this end, a relationship will be established between the different variables the identified problem and transformational leadership, using statistical data collected and worked through Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis (PLSR), on the first essay and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) on the second essay. The study uses two different samples for each of the case studies. In the first case, the study uses a sample of 5,120 employees from the airports of the Vinci group, and in the second case it uses a sample of 15,767 responses from passengers of those same airports, because this method has a robust algorithm and minimizes the effects of multicollinearity of small sample sizes like the one analyzed in this study. In summary, for the aviation business the COVID-19 pandemic had a very negative impact, leading to financial losses of 90% and loss of numerous jobs. However, the existence of a transformational leadership in the management of each of the aviation businesses (Airport) will somehow minimize this impact, managing to adjust its strategy to the pandemic context through the safety of its airport facilities for all who have the need to use them, managed to mitigate its losses during the COVID-19 crisis and at the same time maintain the maximum number of its employees...
In this pandemic era that we are going through since March 2020, Transformational Leadership is increasingly important, in the resilience of companies and economic groups in this same epoch, and at the same time safeguard the needs of their most important assets, their employees. The air, commercial and civil transportation sector is currently, in addition to being the essential sector in the economic development, is the most affected by this pandemic crisis, having suffered falls of more than 90% in its EBITDA in relation to the year 2019 as well as the closure of numerous Airports, and the direct implication in the bankruptcy or serious economic difficulties of many airlines. Being the sector that represents itself as the most important facilitator agent in cultural and commercial exchanges between different countries, representing about 35% of world trade (Commission Communication 2020/C 100 I/01). The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the strategic importance of the need for transformational leadership in the aeronautical management sector in a pandemic context. This study aims to analyze how transformational leadership is positively related to the resilience of both the work teams and the passengers' trust in the airports they use for their trips, namely the airports of the VINCI Airports group. To this end, a relationship will be established between the different variables the identified problem and transformational leadership, using statistical data collected and worked through Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis (PLSR), on the first essay and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) on the second essay. The study uses two different samples for each of the case studies. In the first case, the study uses a sample of 5,120 employees from the airports of the Vinci group, and in the second case it uses a sample of 15,767 responses from passengers of those same airports, because this method has a robust algorithm and minimizes the effects of multicollinearity of small sample sizes like the one analyzed in this study. In summary, for the aviation business the COVID-19 pandemic had a very negative impact, leading to financial losses of 90% and loss of numerous jobs. However, the existence of a transformational leadership in the management of each of the aviation businesses (Airport) will somehow minimize this impact, managing to adjust its strategy to the pandemic context through the safety of its airport facilities for all who have the need to use them, managed to mitigate its losses during the COVID-19 crisis and at the same time maintain the maximum number of its employees...
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Orientação: Felipa Cristina Henriques Rodrigues Lopes dos Reis
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS, GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS, VINCI AIRPORTS, GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS, LIDERANÇA, GESTÃO AEROPORTUÁRIA, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, LEADERSHIP, AIRPORT MANAGEMENT, COVID-19