Será que diferentes tipos de comportamento sedentário têm associações distintas com as doenças crónicas?
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2023
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Esta dissertação tem dois objetivos: realizar uma revisão sistematizada rápida da literatura, que pretende analisar a literatura publicada sobre a associação entre comportamento sedentário (CS) geral e de domínios específicos e as doenças crónicas; realizar um estudo observacional transversal com objetivo de analisar a associação entre diferentes tipos de CS com a presença de doença crónica, ajustando para a atividade física (AF). MÉTODO Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed e SportDiscus e foram considerados para inclusão, estudos originais, cuja população estudada fosse adulta (entre os 18 e 64 anos) e que mencionasse estudar pelo menos a relação entre um qualquer tipo específico de CS e uma qualquer doença crónica. Foram encontrados 225 estudos possivelmente relevantes, no entanto, foram incluídos na revisão 14 estudos, sendo que dos estudos selecionados, 7 são estudos transversais, 4 estudos de coorte, 2 estudo de caso/controlo e 1 longitudinal. O estudo original contou com a participação de 334 indivíduos (200 mulheres e 134 homens) submetidos ao questionário “LUSÓFONAtiva” em 2021. Este instrumento de recolha de dados foi aceite pelo Comité de Ética da Faculdade, onde estavam incluídas perguntas sobre a caracterização da amostra, domínios de CS, AF e presença de doenças crónicas. Os dados foram recolhidos, através de um link facultado através de mensagem eletrónica. Alguns casos não foram incluídos por falta de dados dos participantes. As análises foram realizadas com recurso ao programa SPSS (IBM, versão 25.0). RESULTADOS A revisão sistematizada sugere a existência de evidência para uma associação direta entre CS e a presença de doença crónica, no entanto, alguns estudos não obtêm essa mesma conclusão. Na amostra estudada, conclui-se que dois CS específicos se relacionaram com a presença de doença crónica, no entanto de forma distinta. Em mulheres, o tempo a trabalhar com ecrã está diretamente associado à presença de doença crónica, no entanto, o tempo sentado em hobbies está inversamente associado à probabilidade de apresentar doença crónica. Nos homens, não existiu qualquer domínio de CS que estivesse associado à presença de doenças crónicas. CONCLUSÕES Através da revisão sistematizada foi possível averiguar que a evidência existente relativamente ao tema não é totalmente concordante, o que justificou o artigo original que congregou vários tipos de CS explorados na mesma amostra. Os resultados do estudo observacional transversal divergem entre género e, as próprias especificidades do CS também divergem perante o seu efeito na presença de doenças crónicas, enquanto o tempo a trabalhar com ecrã aparece diretamente associado à presença de doença crónica, o tempo sentado em hobbies apresenta-se como um fator protetor quanto à presença de doença crónica. Palavras-chave: Atividade Física, Comportamento Sedentário, Doenças Crónicas, Domínios
This dissertation has two purposes: 1) to perform a quick systematized review of the literature, which intends to analyze the published literature on the association between sedentary behavior (SB) in general and specific domains of this behavior and chronic diseases; 2) to perform a cross-sectional study with the aim of analyzing the association between different domains of SB with the presence of chronic disease, adjusting for physical activity (PA) level. METHOD A search was performed in the Pubmed and SportDiscus databases and original studies were considered for inclusion, whose studied population was adult (between 18 and 64 years old) and that mentioned studying at least the relationship between one specific domain of SB and any chronic disease. A total of 225 potentially relevant studies were found, however, 14 studies were included in the review, and of those selected studies, 7 were cross-sectional studies, 4 were cohort studies, 2 were case-control studies and 1 was a longitudinal study. The original study involved the participation of 334 individuals (200 women and 134 men) that answered the “LUSÓFONAtiva” questionnaire in 2021. This data collection instrument was accepted by the Faculty Ethics Committee, which included questions about the characterization of the sample, SB domains, PA and presence of chronic diseases. Data was collected through a link provided via email. Some cases were not included due to lack of participant data. Statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS program (IBM, version 25.0). RESULTS The systematized review suggests the existence of evidence for a direct association between SB and the presence of chronic disease, however, some studies are contradicting. In the original study, it was found that two specific SB domains were related to the presence of chronic disease, however in a different way. In women, time working with a screen was directly associated with the presence of chronic disease, however, sitting time in hobbies was inversely associated with the probability of having a chronic disease. In men, there was no relationship between any SB domain and chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS Through the systematized review, it was possible to verify that the existing evidence on the subject is not completely consistent, which justified the original article that brought together several domains of SB explored at the same time. The results from the cross-sectional study differ between gender, and the very specificities of SB also differ in terms of its effect on the presence of chronic diseases, while time working with a screen appears directly associated with the presence of a chronic disease, sitting time in hobbies has as a protective factor against the presence of chronic disease, only in women. Keywords: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Chronic Diseases, Domains
This dissertation has two purposes: 1) to perform a quick systematized review of the literature, which intends to analyze the published literature on the association between sedentary behavior (SB) in general and specific domains of this behavior and chronic diseases; 2) to perform a cross-sectional study with the aim of analyzing the association between different domains of SB with the presence of chronic disease, adjusting for physical activity (PA) level. METHOD A search was performed in the Pubmed and SportDiscus databases and original studies were considered for inclusion, whose studied population was adult (between 18 and 64 years old) and that mentioned studying at least the relationship between one specific domain of SB and any chronic disease. A total of 225 potentially relevant studies were found, however, 14 studies were included in the review, and of those selected studies, 7 were cross-sectional studies, 4 were cohort studies, 2 were case-control studies and 1 was a longitudinal study. The original study involved the participation of 334 individuals (200 women and 134 men) that answered the “LUSÓFONAtiva” questionnaire in 2021. This data collection instrument was accepted by the Faculty Ethics Committee, which included questions about the characterization of the sample, SB domains, PA and presence of chronic diseases. Data was collected through a link provided via email. Some cases were not included due to lack of participant data. Statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS program (IBM, version 25.0). RESULTS The systematized review suggests the existence of evidence for a direct association between SB and the presence of chronic disease, however, some studies are contradicting. In the original study, it was found that two specific SB domains were related to the presence of chronic disease, however in a different way. In women, time working with a screen was directly associated with the presence of chronic disease, however, sitting time in hobbies was inversely associated with the probability of having a chronic disease. In men, there was no relationship between any SB domain and chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS Through the systematized review, it was possible to verify that the existing evidence on the subject is not completely consistent, which justified the original article that brought together several domains of SB explored at the same time. The results from the cross-sectional study differ between gender, and the very specificities of SB also differ in terms of its effect on the presence of chronic diseases, while time working with a screen appears directly associated with the presence of a chronic disease, sitting time in hobbies has as a protective factor against the presence of chronic disease, only in women. Keywords: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Chronic Diseases, Domains
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Orientação: Pedro Alexandre Barracha da Guerra Júdice
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MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, DESPORTO, SPORT, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARISMO, SEDENTARINESS, DOENÇAS CRÓNICAS, CHRONIC DISEASES