Relação entre experiências adversas na infância e abuso de substâncias
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2023
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Objetivo: Este estudo investigou a relação entre as experiências adversas na infância (EAI) e comportamentos de risco, mais especificamente no abuso de substâncias em adolescentes. A maior parte da evidência desta relação baseou-se em amostras de adultos e da comunidade, pelo que o presente estudo teve como novidade a utilização de uma amostra de adolescentes com história de EAI. Método: A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 189 participantes, a média foi de 16 anos (DP=1.23), variando entre os 13 e os 18 anos. Relativamente ao sexo dos participantes, 95 eram do sexo feminino e 94 do sexo masculino. Resultados: De maneira a entender que experiências adversas eram correlacionadas com o abuso de substâncias, recorreu-se ao programa SPSS e os resultados demonstraram que das 10 adversidades, apenas 7 foram associadas à variável predita (abuso de substâncias): Abuso emocional (r=.277 , p<.001), abuso físico (r=.293 , p<.001), abuso sexual (r=.224 , p<.002), negligência física (r=.227 , p<.002) negligência emocional (r=.161 , p<.028), abuso de substâncias no ambiente familiar (r=.281 , p<.001) e perturbação mental ou suicídio no ambiente familiar (r=.151 , p<.039). Estas 7 adversidades foram incluídas numa análise de regressão, tendo sido apenas a negligência física o único preditor estatisticamente significativo (β=.153, t(2.097 )= 1.128). Conclusões: Embora a maior parte das EAI estejam correlacionadas com o consumo de substâncias, os profissionais que trabalham na Justiça Juvenil e proteção de crianças e jovens devem estar atentos à negligência física como um fator de risco para o consumo de substâncias. Por conseguinte, para além de identificar e intervir na negligência física, estes profissionais devem procurar intervir nas crenças que poderão surgir em consequência, nomeadamente ao nível da autoestima e autoconceito. Embora estas variáveis não tenham sido avaliadas neste estudo, a discussão avança para a hipótese que poderão ser os mecanismos para explicar a relação entre as EAI e o abuso de substâncias na adolescência. São sugeridos futuros estudos para testar esta hipótese.
Objective: This study investigated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and risk behaviors, in particular the substance abuse among adolescents. Most of the evidence from this relationship has been based on adult and community samples, so the use of a sample of adolescents with a history of ACE is the novelty of the present study. Method: The sample of this study consisted of 189 participants, mean age of 16 years old (SD=1.23), ranging from 13 to 18 years old. Regarding the sex of the participants, 95 were female and 94 were male. Results: In order to understand which ACE were correlated with substance abuse, using the SPSS program, the results showed that of the ten adversities, only 7 were associated with the dependent variable (substance abuse): Emotional abuse (r=.277 , p<.001), physical abuse (r=.293 , p<.001), sexual abuse (r=.224 , p<.002), physical neglect (r=.227 , p<.002), emotional neglect (r=.161 , p<.028), substance abuse in the family environment (r=.281 , p<.001) and mental disorder or suicide in the family environment (r=.151 , p<.039). These 7 adversities were included in a regression analysis, and the results showed that only physical neglect was a statistically significant predictor (=.153, t (2.097 )= 1.128). Conclusions: although most ACE are correlated with substance use, professionals working in Juvenile Justice and protection of children and young people should be aware of physical neglect as a risk factor for later substance abuse. Therefore, in addition to identifying and intervening in physical neglect, these professionals must seek to intervene in the beliefs that may arise as a result, namely in terms of self-esteem and self-concept. Although these variables were not evaluated in this study, the discussion moves towards the hypothesis that they may be the mechanisms to explain the relationship between ACE and substance abuse in adolescence. Future studies are suggested to test this hypothesis.
Objective: This study investigated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and risk behaviors, in particular the substance abuse among adolescents. Most of the evidence from this relationship has been based on adult and community samples, so the use of a sample of adolescents with a history of ACE is the novelty of the present study. Method: The sample of this study consisted of 189 participants, mean age of 16 years old (SD=1.23), ranging from 13 to 18 years old. Regarding the sex of the participants, 95 were female and 94 were male. Results: In order to understand which ACE were correlated with substance abuse, using the SPSS program, the results showed that of the ten adversities, only 7 were associated with the dependent variable (substance abuse): Emotional abuse (r=.277 , p<.001), physical abuse (r=.293 , p<.001), sexual abuse (r=.224 , p<.002), physical neglect (r=.227 , p<.002), emotional neglect (r=.161 , p<.028), substance abuse in the family environment (r=.281 , p<.001) and mental disorder or suicide in the family environment (r=.151 , p<.039). These 7 adversities were included in a regression analysis, and the results showed that only physical neglect was a statistically significant predictor (=.153, t (2.097 )= 1.128). Conclusions: although most ACE are correlated with substance use, professionals working in Juvenile Justice and protection of children and young people should be aware of physical neglect as a risk factor for later substance abuse. Therefore, in addition to identifying and intervening in physical neglect, these professionals must seek to intervene in the beliefs that may arise as a result, namely in terms of self-esteem and self-concept. Although these variables were not evaluated in this study, the discussion moves towards the hypothesis that they may be the mechanisms to explain the relationship between ACE and substance abuse in adolescence. Future studies are suggested to test this hypothesis.
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Orientação: Ricardo Pinto
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MESTRADO EM JUSTIÇA JUVENIL E PROTEÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E JOVENS EM PERIGO, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, INFÂNCIA, CHILDHOOD, ABUSO, ABUSE, ABUSO DE CRIANÇAS, CHILD ABUSE, COMPORTAMENTOS DE RISCO, RISK BEHAVIOURS, ABUSO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS, SUBSTANCE MISUSE, NEGLIGÊNCIA, NEGLIGENCE