Os paradigmas de aprendizagem de algoritmo computacional
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2014
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No exercício docente de lógica (algoritmo) e linguagem de computação, ao longo dos anos constatamos que são elevados os índices de insucesso no estudo das referidas disciplinas, problemática comum e tema de pesquisas nas áreas da Educação, Psicologia e Informática. Existindo um baixo rendimento e evasão nas referidas disciplina, é possível que a maioria dos alunos necessite desenvolver certas habilidades para atingirem o resultado satisfatório nesta área de conhecimento. Durante três anos foram coletados documentos que registraram o desempenho das turmas de lógica e linguagem de programação do Instituto Federal de Sergipe, além de uma pesquisa com os alunos para levantamento do perfil de conhecimentos destes elementos de lógica e linguagem de programação. Verificou-se que a dificuldade de aprendizado destes grupos pesquisados repetia-se nas disciplinas não somente na área de informática mas também em matemática e física, geralmente para o mesmo grupo de alunos. Cremos que nossa investigação possa contribuir para uma reflexão sobre estas habilidades não desenvolvidas pelos discentes, que acaba por gerar insucessos em várias disciplinas que se utilizarão principalmente do raciocínio lógico-matemático. O aprendizado das disciplinas de lógica e linguagem computacional parece-nos que necessita de um processo de aprendizado denominado pela psicologia cognitiva de “aprendizagem significativa”. Desta forma, o aprendiz desenvolve um conjunto de ideias ordenadas e estruturadas, que se baseiam no senso crítico-analítico. Este conjunto ordenado e hierárquico de ideias é que permite compreender e relacionar os elementos de um problema até que se chegue a uma solução codificada em uma linguagem, ou seja, um produto que permita a automação computacional, software.
In the teaching exercise of logic (algorithm) and language of computation, over the years we found that failure rates are high in the study of such disciplines, common and problematic theme of research in the fields of Education, Psychology and Computer Science. With a low income and avoidance in these disciplines, it is clear that the teaching practice needs to be refurbished, as well as most students need to develop certain skills to achieve satisfactory results in this area of knowledge During three years documents had been collected that had registered the performance of the logic groups and programming language of the Federal Institute of Sergipe, beyond a research with the pupils for survey of the profile of knowledge of these elements of logic and programming language. It was found that the difficulty of learning of these groups searched repeated in disciplines not only in computer science but also in mathematics and physics, usually to the same group of students. We believe that our research can contribute to a reflection on these abilities not developed by students, generating subsequent failures in various disciplines which will use the same skills, especially when the paradigm requires not only a prompt response and standardized, but another paradigm that has a set of ideas, with critical and analytical sense of all the elements of a problem that will be solved, individually and creatively, to reach the computer automation, software product. Word-key: Logic, algorithm, programming language, computation, software, paradigm, abilities.
In the teaching exercise of logic (algorithm) and language of computation, over the years we found that failure rates are high in the study of such disciplines, common and problematic theme of research in the fields of Education, Psychology and Computer Science. With a low income and avoidance in these disciplines, it is clear that the teaching practice needs to be refurbished, as well as most students need to develop certain skills to achieve satisfactory results in this area of knowledge During three years documents had been collected that had registered the performance of the logic groups and programming language of the Federal Institute of Sergipe, beyond a research with the pupils for survey of the profile of knowledge of these elements of logic and programming language. It was found that the difficulty of learning of these groups searched repeated in disciplines not only in computer science but also in mathematics and physics, usually to the same group of students. We believe that our research can contribute to a reflection on these abilities not developed by students, generating subsequent failures in various disciplines which will use the same skills, especially when the paradigm requires not only a prompt response and standardized, but another paradigm that has a set of ideas, with critical and analytical sense of all the elements of a problem that will be solved, individually and creatively, to reach the computer automation, software product. Word-key: Logic, algorithm, programming language, computation, software, paradigm, abilities.
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Orientação: Manuel Loureiro
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO, LÓGICA, INFORMÁTICA, PROGRAMAÇÃO, ALGORITMOS, SOFTWARE, EDUCATION, LOGIC, COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, ALGORITHMS, COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE, MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO