A participação das crianças em contexto de promoção e proteção : uma revisão scoping
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2025
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O direito de participação da criança, apesar de consagrado na Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança, é ainda pouco promovido, nomeadamente quando a criança é vítima de mau-trato e tem contacto com contextos de promoção e proteção. Apesar do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que incentivam a participação da criança nestes contextos, os estudos apontam para diferentes resultados na concretização dessas práticas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo mapear a investigação desenvolvida acerca da participação das crianças nos contextos de promoção e proteção, analisando os vários níveis e dimensões de participação considerados. Tendo por base o PRISMA, foram incluídos 42 artigos, analisados através de uma abordagem dedutivo-indutiva. Os resultados indicam que os estudos foram maioritariamente conduzidos na Europa, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa com diferentes informantes, e publicados na última década. Ao nível das experiências de participação, estas parecem ser mais restritivas do que promotoras, nas diferentes dimensões de participação (espaço, voz, audiência, influência) e nos diferentes níveis de participação (informar, ouvir, envolver). Relativamente às conceções, os resultados são menos diferenciadores emergindo tanto conceções promotoras como restritivas da participação. Emergiram ainda a necessidade de assegurar pré-requisitos para a participação, a existência de diferentes perspetivas sobre participação, de barreiras à participação, a importância do contexto, a existência de ausência ou reduzida participação, e são identificadas recomendações para a prática. Assim, é necessário fortalecer as políticas para assegurar que a voz das crianças seja efetivamente ouvida e considerada nas decisões, com efeitos específicos ao nível dos protocolos de atuação dos profissionais e das instituições.
Despite stated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the child's right to participate is still poorly promoted, particularly when the child is a victim of maltreatment and is involved in contexts of child protection. Regardless of the development of public policies encouraging children's participation in these contexts, studies point to different results in the fulfillment of these practices. The aim of this study was to map the research carried out on children's participation in child protection contexts, analyzing the different levels and dimensions of participation considered. Based on PRISMA, 42 articles were included and analyzed using a deductive-inductive approach. The results indicate that the studies were mostly conducted in Europe, using a qualitative approach with different informants, and published in the last decade. Regarding participation experiences, were found more experiences restricting than promoting children's participation, in the different dimensions of participation (space, voice, audience, influence) and in the different levels of participation (informing, listening, involving). In terms of conceptions, the results are less differentiated, with both conceptions promoting and restricting participation emerging in these dimensions. Also emerged the need to ensure prerequisites for participation, different perspectives on participation, barriers to participation, the importance of the context, the absence or reduced participation, and recommendations for practice are identified. It is therefore necessary to strengthen policies to ensure that children's voices are effectively heard and considered in decisions, with specific effects on the intervention protocols of professionals and institutions.
Despite stated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the child's right to participate is still poorly promoted, particularly when the child is a victim of maltreatment and is involved in contexts of child protection. Regardless of the development of public policies encouraging children's participation in these contexts, studies point to different results in the fulfillment of these practices. The aim of this study was to map the research carried out on children's participation in child protection contexts, analyzing the different levels and dimensions of participation considered. Based on PRISMA, 42 articles were included and analyzed using a deductive-inductive approach. The results indicate that the studies were mostly conducted in Europe, using a qualitative approach with different informants, and published in the last decade. Regarding participation experiences, were found more experiences restricting than promoting children's participation, in the different dimensions of participation (space, voice, audience, influence) and in the different levels of participation (informing, listening, involving). In terms of conceptions, the results are less differentiated, with both conceptions promoting and restricting participation emerging in these dimensions. Also emerged the need to ensure prerequisites for participation, different perspectives on participation, barriers to participation, the importance of the context, the absence or reduced participation, and recommendations for practice are identified. It is therefore necessary to strengthen policies to ensure that children's voices are effectively heard and considered in decisions, with specific effects on the intervention protocols of professionals and institutions.
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PSYCHOLOGY, FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY, CHILDREN, CHILD VIOLENCE, ABUSE, CHILD PROTECTION, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA FORENSE, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA FORENSE, CRIANÇAS, VIOLÊNCIA INFANTIL, MAUS-TRATOS, PROTEÇÃO DE MENORES