Caracterização dos adulterantes presentes em drogas de abuso analisadas num serviço de Drug Checking entre janeiro e setembro de 2022
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2024
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A adulteração de drogas de abuso representa uma ameaça constante e imprevisível para os consumidores de drogas e para a saúde pública. A presença de Novas Substâncias Psicoativas como adulterantes veio aumentar a imprevisibilidade e os riscos associados à adulteração de drogas de abuso. Foram estudados os relatórios de análise de 366 amostras submetidas de forma voluntária e anónima, entre janeiro e setembro de 2022, por utilizadores do Serviço de Drug Checking da Kosmicare em Lisboa. Foi realizada uma análise estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostram que, das amostras submetidas como 3,4-metilenodioximetanfetamina, apenas 4,1% estavam adulteradas, com adulterantes como cafeína, metanfetamina e 3-metilmetcatinona usados para imitar os efeitos desejados. Das amostras de cocaína, apenas 42,5% continham exclusivamente cocaína, sendo a fenacetina e o levamisol os adulterantes mais comuns. Nas amostras de dietilamida do ácido lisérgico e 4-bromo-2,5-dimetoxifenetilamina, a taxa de adulteração foi baixa. Todas as amostras de anfetamina estavam adulteradas. Este estudo sublinha a necessidade contínua de testagem de drogas, educação sobre redução de riscos e políticas de saúde pública eficazes para mitigar os perigos associados ao consumo de drogas adulteradas.
The adulteration of drugs of abuse represents a constant and unpredictable threat to drug users and public health. The presence of New Psychoactive Substances as adulterants has increased the unpredictability and risks associated with the adulteration of drugs of abuse. This study analyzed the analytical reports of 366 samples submitted voluntarily and anonymously between January and September 2022 by users of the Drug Checking Service (SDC) at Kosmicare in Lisbon. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results revealed that of the samples submitted as 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine, only 4.1% were adulterated, primarily with caffeine, methamphetamine, and 3-methylmethcathinone, which are used to mimic the desired effects. For cocaine samples, only 42.5% contained pure cocaine, with phenacetin and levamisole being the most common adulterants. The lysergic acid diethylamide and 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine samples showed low rates of adulteration. All amphetamine samples were found to be adulterated. This study underscores the ongoing need for drug testing, risk reduction education, and effective public health policies to mitigate the dangers associated with adulterated drug consumption.
The adulteration of drugs of abuse represents a constant and unpredictable threat to drug users and public health. The presence of New Psychoactive Substances as adulterants has increased the unpredictability and risks associated with the adulteration of drugs of abuse. This study analyzed the analytical reports of 366 samples submitted voluntarily and anonymously between January and September 2022 by users of the Drug Checking Service (SDC) at Kosmicare in Lisbon. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results revealed that of the samples submitted as 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine, only 4.1% were adulterated, primarily with caffeine, methamphetamine, and 3-methylmethcathinone, which are used to mimic the desired effects. For cocaine samples, only 42.5% contained pure cocaine, with phenacetin and levamisole being the most common adulterants. The lysergic acid diethylamide and 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine samples showed low rates of adulteration. All amphetamine samples were found to be adulterated. This study underscores the ongoing need for drug testing, risk reduction education, and effective public health policies to mitigate the dangers associated with adulterated drug consumption.
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PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, RISK MANAGEMENT, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES, SUBSTANCE MISUSE, SUBSTANCE USE, PUBLIC HEALTH, HEALTH POLICY, PHARMACEUTICAL TOXICOLOGY, CAFFEINE, AMPHETAMINES, FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY, HARM REDUCTION, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, GESTÃO DE RISCO, SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOTRÓPICAS, ABUSO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS, CONSUMO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS, SAÚDE PÚBLICA, POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE, TOXICOLOGIA FARMACÊUTICA, CAFEÍNA, ANFETAMINAS, TOXICOLOGIA FORENSE, REDUÇÃO DE DANOS