Qualidade de vida e necessidades de cuidados : adultos mais velhos com doença renal crónica em hemodiálise
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2024
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Enquadramento: A Doença Renal Crónica (DRC), é uma das doenças crónicas com maior ascensão em todo o mundo, e que acarreta implicações não só a nível pessoal, como também a nível social e familiar. Acrescem os elevados encargos financeiros para o Sistema Nacional de Saúde (SNS). Esta doença integra um conjunto das patologias crónico-degenerativas; que substituíram as doenças infeciosas em termos de impacto da saúde pública, e nos orçamentos de saúde, sobretudo, nos países mais desenvolvidos. Objetivos: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos Adultos mais velhos com Doença renal crónica em hemodialise. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo analítico e transversal realizado numa amostra de 35 doentes renais crónicos em tratamento de hemodiálise. Como instrumento de recolha de dados utilizou-se um questionário englobando variáveis de caracterização sociodemográfica e a versão portuguesa do KDQOL- SF devidamente validada nesta população, este questionário é composto por perguntas agregadas em onze dimensões ESRD especificas de doentes renais e oito dimensões SF genéricas de estado de saúde. Para efetuar o tratamento de dados recorreu-se ao software SPSS versão 29.0 e ao AMOS versão 29.0. Resultados: A maioria dos sujeitos considera ser totalmente verdadeiro que a doença renal interfere demasiado na sua vida (68,6%), que passa demasiado tempo a tratar da doença (57,1%) e que se sente desanimado com a doença (52,9%), havendo ainda uma grande percentagem que considera completamente verdadeiro sentir-se um peso para a família (48,6%). O total da escala KDQOL-SF que mede a qualidade de vida total revela uma média abaixo de 50, que significa uma qualidade de vida baixa (Média =46,44). O total da escala SF36 que engloba a componente física e emocional também tem uma média negativa (média = 39,19), que significa problemas de saúde. O total da escala ESRD tem uma média ligeiramente acima de 50 (média = 53,70), uma vez que 7 dos 11 domínios têm uma média positiva. Conclusão: O estudo fornece informações importantes sobre a prevalência e os factores que interferem na qualidade de vida dos adultos mais velhos com Doença renal crónica em tratamento de hemodiálise e os resultados destacam a necessidade de uma abordagem integrada para as necessidades de cuidado, que levem em consideração não apenas a demografia do paciente, mas também os seus factores psicológicos e sociais.
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the world's fastest-growing chronic diseases, which has implications not only on a personal level, but also on a social and family level. In addition, there are high financial costs for the National Health System (SNS). This disease is part of a group of chronic degenerative diseases that have replaced infectious diseases in terms of public health impact and health budgets, especially in more developed countries. Objectives: To assess the quality of life of older adults with Chronic Kidney Disease undergoing haemodialysis. Methods: This is an analytical, cross-sectional study carried out on a sample of 35 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis treatment. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire comprising sociodemographic characterisation variables and the Portuguese version of the KDQOL-SF duly validated in this population. This questionnaire consists of questions grouped into eleven ESRD dimensions specific to kidney patients and eight generic SF dimensions of health status. SPSS version 29.0 and AMOS version 29.0. Results: The majority of subjects consider it completely true that kidney disease interferes too much with their life (68.6%), that they spend too much time dealing with the disease (57.1%) and that they feel discouraged by the disease (52.9%), with a large percentage also considering it completely true that they feel like a burden on their family (48.6%). The total KDQOL- SF scale, which measures total quality of life, shows an average below 50, which means low quality of life (Average =46.44). The total of the SF36 scale, which includes the physical and emotional components, also has a negative average (average = 39.19), which means health problems. The total ESRD scale has an average slightly above 50 (average = 53.70), as 7 of the 11 domains have a positive average. Conclusion: The study provides important information on the prevalence and factors that interfere with the quality of life of older adults with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis treatment, and the results highlight the need for an integrated approach to care needs that takes into account not only the patient's demographics, but also their psychological and social factors.
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the world's fastest-growing chronic diseases, which has implications not only on a personal level, but also on a social and family level. In addition, there are high financial costs for the National Health System (SNS). This disease is part of a group of chronic degenerative diseases that have replaced infectious diseases in terms of public health impact and health budgets, especially in more developed countries. Objectives: To assess the quality of life of older adults with Chronic Kidney Disease undergoing haemodialysis. Methods: This is an analytical, cross-sectional study carried out on a sample of 35 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis treatment. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire comprising sociodemographic characterisation variables and the Portuguese version of the KDQOL-SF duly validated in this population. This questionnaire consists of questions grouped into eleven ESRD dimensions specific to kidney patients and eight generic SF dimensions of health status. SPSS version 29.0 and AMOS version 29.0. Results: The majority of subjects consider it completely true that kidney disease interferes too much with their life (68.6%), that they spend too much time dealing with the disease (57.1%) and that they feel discouraged by the disease (52.9%), with a large percentage also considering it completely true that they feel like a burden on their family (48.6%). The total KDQOL- SF scale, which measures total quality of life, shows an average below 50, which means low quality of life (Average =46.44). The total of the SF36 scale, which includes the physical and emotional components, also has a negative average (average = 39.19), which means health problems. The total ESRD scale has an average slightly above 50 (average = 53.70), as 7 of the 11 domains have a positive average. Conclusion: The study provides important information on the prevalence and factors that interfere with the quality of life of older adults with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis treatment, and the results highlight the need for an integrated approach to care needs that takes into account not only the patient's demographics, but also their psychological and social factors.
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MESTRADO EM GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, IDOSOS, TERCEIRA IDADE, DOENÇAS RENAIS, HEMODIÁLISE, QUALIDADE DE VIDA, CUIDADOS DE SAÚDE, BOA PRÁTICA DE CUIDADOS, HUMANIZAÇÃO DOS CUIDADOS DE SAÚDE, SOCIAL WORK, SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY, ELDERLY, OLD AGE, KIDNEY DISEASES, HEMODIALYSIS, QUALITY OF LIFE, HEALTH CARE, BEST PRACTICE, HUMANIZATION OF HEALTH CARE