Fármacos anti-metastizaçao: da investigaçao à pratica clínica
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2017
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Este trabalho centra-se no problema da metastização associada ao cancro. A
disseminação das células tumorais permite a colonização secundária progressiva de
órgãos distantes do tumor primário. Este processo, designado de metastização, e
uma das principais causas de morte por cancro. O processo metastático e
controlado por diversos factores e está dividido em diferentes etapas. Atualmente,
com o aumento do número de mortes por doença metastática, procura-se chegar a
novos possíveis alvos para terapêuticos, cujo o objetivo se resume a prevenção da
metastização inicial e a redução das metástases já estabelecidas. Verificou-se que
as células metastáticas não apresentam autonomia, uma vez que interagem com o
microambiente tumoral envolvente, tirando partido das suas características.
A presente dissertação teve como principais objetivos a revisão da literatura
deste fenómeno tão complexo que e a metastização. Aqui são abordadas temáticas
como medicamentos anti-metastização, aprovados recentemente pela FDA, a
descoberta de novos aIvos nesta terapêutica e as abordagens pre-clinicas
promissoras que projetam o progresso para outros estudos mais avançados que
provem a sua eficácia para serem aprovados e poderem ajudar gerações futuras.
This essay is focused on cancer metastasis. Tumor cell dissemination allows progressive secondary colonization of organs distant of the primary tumor. This process is named metastasis and due to its complexity, it is one of the main causes of cancer related death. The formation of metastases is controlled by various factors and is divided into different steps. Due to the increase of deaths caused by metastatic disease, research efforts have been focusing on the discovery of new therapeutic targets for this condition that would prevent the initial metastases and reduce/shrink established metastases. It has been reported that metastatic cells are not autonomous as they interact with the surrounding tumoral microenvironment, benefiting from its features. This dissertation aims to perform a literature review of this complex disease known as metastasis. Topics such as recently FDA-approved anti-metastasis drugs and new therapeutic targets will be discussed herein. In addition, promising pre- clinical approaches will be discussed along with the trials that demonstrate their efficacy, serving as a promising basis for new and more advanced studies which will lead to their approval, consequently helping future generations.
This essay is focused on cancer metastasis. Tumor cell dissemination allows progressive secondary colonization of organs distant of the primary tumor. This process is named metastasis and due to its complexity, it is one of the main causes of cancer related death. The formation of metastases is controlled by various factors and is divided into different steps. Due to the increase of deaths caused by metastatic disease, research efforts have been focusing on the discovery of new therapeutic targets for this condition that would prevent the initial metastases and reduce/shrink established metastases. It has been reported that metastatic cells are not autonomous as they interact with the surrounding tumoral microenvironment, benefiting from its features. This dissertation aims to perform a literature review of this complex disease known as metastasis. Topics such as recently FDA-approved anti-metastasis drugs and new therapeutic targets will be discussed herein. In addition, promising pre- clinical approaches will be discussed along with the trials that demonstrate their efficacy, serving as a promising basis for new and more advanced studies which will lead to their approval, consequently helping future generations.
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Orientação: Ana Sofia Fernandes
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, FARMACOLOGIA, MEDICAMENTOS, CANCRO, INVESTIGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA, TERAPÊUTICAS, PHARMACOLOGY, DRUGS, CANCER, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, THERAPEUTICS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, METÁSTASES, METASTASES, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS