Transformação de modelos tridimensionais : pensar com as mãos em arquitetura
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2019
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A presente dissertação aborda os modelos tridimensionais e as suas transformações durante o processo criativo. Estes surgem na arquitetura com o propósito de representar projetos de arquitetura a uma escala reduzida. Desde maquetes em diversos materiais, às plataformas e às novas tecnologias, o objetivo é testá-los na sua realidade construtiva e a sua presença no local em estudo.
Os modelos tridimensionais estão divididos em dois tipos de instrumentos operativos: os analógicos e os digitais. Dentro dos instrumentos operativos analógicos temos as maquetes em diversos tipos de materiais, ou seja, produzidos através do “pensar com as mãos”, como afirma Alberto Campo Baeza (2013) na sua obra igualmente denominada de Pensar com as mãos, citando A Caverna de José Saramago, “os criadores têm como pequenos cérebros nas pontas dos dedos” (p.11), desta forma o arquiteto prolonga a sua criatividade para o mundo real e não só através de uma folha plana. Já nos instrumentos operativos digitais, temos várias plataformas, desde os Computer Aided-Design (CAD), os Building Information Modeling (BIM) e as paramétricas, todas elas foram evoluindo com o objetivo de acompanhar e melhorar a arquitetura, providenciando maior produtividade aos ateliers. Mas será que os modelos tridimensionais digitais e as novas plataformas tecnológicas, garantem um melhor processo criativo da forma em comparação aos instrumentos operativos analógicos? Que impactos, no processo de transformação dos modelos arquitetónicos estes têm: agilizam ou tornam mais demorada a obtenção de resultados? Como melhor nos adaptaremos a este processo de trabalho? A reflexão que o operar nas transformações das formas nos obriga, será potenciadora de uma melhor performance criativa?
A presente dissertação, pretende responder às questões anteriores, através de um estudo sobre modelos tridimensionais, utilizando um projeto construído, a Casa de Cascais do arquiteto Eduardo Souto de Moura, explorando a manualidade nas várias possibilidades de conceção e representação através de maquetes em Lego, massa modular, k-line, e nas plataformas, ‘CAD’, ‘BIM’, paramétricas e também impressão 3D. Este estudo segue uma lógica desenvolvida através de fichas de trabalho, com várias premissas, e onde uma delas é entender as transformações executadas pelo autor, tendo em conta a analogia em estudo do projeto da casa de Cascais de Eduardo Souto de Moura.
The present dissertation approaches the three-dimensional models and their transformations during the creative process. These arise in architecture for the purpose of representing architecture projects on a reduced scale. From models in different materials to platforms and new technologies, the objective is to test them, their constructive reality and their presence in the place under study. Three-dimensional models are divided into two types of operating instruments: analog and digital. Within the analogical operating instruments we have the models in different types of materials, that is, produced by "thinking with the hands", as Alberto Campo Baeza (2013) affirms in his work also called Thinking with his hands, quoting A Caverna of José Saramago, "Creators have as little brains at their fingertips," (p.11) so the architect extends his creativity to the real world and not only through a flat sheet. In digital operative instruments, we have several platforms, like Computer Aided-Design (CAD), Building Information Modeling (BIM) and parametric, all of them were evolving with the objective of monitoring and improving the architecture, providing a higher productivity to the workshops. But will digital three-dimensional models and new technology platforms ensure a better creative process compared to analogue operating instruments? What impacts, in the process of transformation of the architectural models these have: do they speed up or delay results? How best will we adapt to this work process? The reflection that the operation in the transformations of the forms obliges us, will it be an enhancer of a better creative performance? The present dissertation intends to answer the previous questions, through a study on three - dimensional models, using a constructed project, the Casa de Cascais by the architect Eduardo Souto de Moura, exploring the manual dexterity, diversifying design possibilities of representation through lego, modular mass, k-line, and CAD, BIM, parametric and 3D printing. This study follows a logic developed through worksheets, with several premises, and where one of them is to understand the transformations executed by the author, taking into account the analogy in study of the project of the Cascais house by Eduardo Souto de Moura.
The present dissertation approaches the three-dimensional models and their transformations during the creative process. These arise in architecture for the purpose of representing architecture projects on a reduced scale. From models in different materials to platforms and new technologies, the objective is to test them, their constructive reality and their presence in the place under study. Three-dimensional models are divided into two types of operating instruments: analog and digital. Within the analogical operating instruments we have the models in different types of materials, that is, produced by "thinking with the hands", as Alberto Campo Baeza (2013) affirms in his work also called Thinking with his hands, quoting A Caverna of José Saramago, "Creators have as little brains at their fingertips," (p.11) so the architect extends his creativity to the real world and not only through a flat sheet. In digital operative instruments, we have several platforms, like Computer Aided-Design (CAD), Building Information Modeling (BIM) and parametric, all of them were evolving with the objective of monitoring and improving the architecture, providing a higher productivity to the workshops. But will digital three-dimensional models and new technology platforms ensure a better creative process compared to analogue operating instruments? What impacts, in the process of transformation of the architectural models these have: do they speed up or delay results? How best will we adapt to this work process? The reflection that the operation in the transformations of the forms obliges us, will it be an enhancer of a better creative performance? The present dissertation intends to answer the previous questions, through a study on three - dimensional models, using a constructed project, the Casa de Cascais by the architect Eduardo Souto de Moura, exploring the manual dexterity, diversifying design possibilities of representation through lego, modular mass, k-line, and CAD, BIM, parametric and 3D printing. This study follows a logic developed through worksheets, with several premises, and where one of them is to understand the transformations executed by the author, taking into account the analogy in study of the project of the Cascais house by Eduardo Souto de Moura.
Descrição
Orientação: Pedro Filipe Coutinho Cabral d’Oliveira Quaresma
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ARQUITETURA, ARQUITETURA, MAQUETAS, PROJETOS ARQUITETÓNICOS, CONCEÇÃO DE PROJETOS, DESENHO ASSISTIDO POR COMPUTADOR, ARCHITECTURE, SCALE MODELS, ARCHITECTURE PROJECTS, PROJECT CONCEPTION, COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN