O diagnóstico na diabetes : estudo numa farmácia comunitária
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2020
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
A diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma patologia metabólica crónica, debilitante e insidiosa que está associada a uma elevada morbilidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo. Existem 463 milhões de indivíduos com a patologia, um número que se espera que venha a aumentar progressivamente nos próximos anos.
O diagnóstico atempado da doença é uma das metas que tanto médicos, como farmacêuticos e outros profissionais de saúde tentam alcançar, para melhor controlar a DM. No entanto, existe uma elevada percentagem de indivíduos não diagnosticados que possuem DM, mais concretamente 50,1%, segundo dados de 2019, o que corresponde a aproximadamente 232 milhões de indivíduos, sugerindo uma realidade alarmante. Em Portugal o número de diabéticos não diagnosticados é de 475 mil e existe 1,7 milhões de portugueses que apresentam quadro clínico de pré-diabetes.
Os métodos de diagnóstico representam uma ferramenta imprescindível para a descoberta de novos casos. Os testes validados para o diagnóstico da DM são: o teste de glicémia em jejum, o teste de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) e o teste de tolerância oral à glucose. Os critérios para o diagnóstico da doença assentam na utilização correta e padronizada destes métodos.
O farmacêutico comunitário não está habilitado para diagnosticar a doença, porém pode ter um papel ativo na prevenção, sinalização para possível diagnóstico atempado, e sensibilização junto da sua comunidade, usufruindo da elevada proximidade que tem com a sua população. O seu contributo pode proporcionar uma significativa melhoria na qualidade de vida do utente diabético, um controlo mais eficiente da sua glicémia e potenciar uma redução no número de possíveis complicações.
No âmbito desta dissertação foi realizado um estudo exploratório numa farmácia comunitária em Alcântara (Lisboa), com o objetivo de analisar o comportamento de indivíduos diabéticos e não diabéticos relativamente aos seus padrões de saúde e comportamento, bem como na sua relação com o diagnóstico da DM e na importância atribuída ao farmacêutico comunitário.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, debilitating and insidious metabolic pathology that is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are 463 million individuals with pathology, a number that is expected to increase steadily in the coming years. Diagnosis of the disease is one of the goals that doctors, pharmacists and other health professionals try to achieve in order to improve DM control. However, there is a high percentage of undiagnosed individuals who have DM, more specifically 50.1%, according to data from 2019, or corresponding to approximately 232 million individuals, suggesting an alarming reality. In Portugal, the number of undiagnosed diabetics is 475 million and there are 1.7 million Portuguese who have a clinical condition of pre-diabetes. Diagnostic methods represent an essential tool for the discovery of new cases. The validated tests for the diagnosis of DM are fasting glucose test, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test and oral glucose tolerance test. The criteria for the diagnosis of disease agree with the correct and standardized use of these methods. The pharmacist is not qualified to diagnose the disease, but he can play an active role in prevention, signaling, such as timely diagnosis, and awareness raising with his community, taking advantage of the high proximity he has with his population. Its control can provide a significant improvement in the diabetic's quality of life, a more efficient control of his glycemia and potentiate a reduction in the number of possible complications. In the scope of this dissertation, an exploratory study was carried out in a community pharmacy in Alcântara (Lisbon), with the aim of analyzing the behavior of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals, regarding their health and behavior standards, as well as in their relationship with the diagnosis of DM and the importance attributed to the community pharmacist.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, debilitating and insidious metabolic pathology that is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are 463 million individuals with pathology, a number that is expected to increase steadily in the coming years. Diagnosis of the disease is one of the goals that doctors, pharmacists and other health professionals try to achieve in order to improve DM control. However, there is a high percentage of undiagnosed individuals who have DM, more specifically 50.1%, according to data from 2019, or corresponding to approximately 232 million individuals, suggesting an alarming reality. In Portugal, the number of undiagnosed diabetics is 475 million and there are 1.7 million Portuguese who have a clinical condition of pre-diabetes. Diagnostic methods represent an essential tool for the discovery of new cases. The validated tests for the diagnosis of DM are fasting glucose test, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test and oral glucose tolerance test. The criteria for the diagnosis of disease agree with the correct and standardized use of these methods. The pharmacist is not qualified to diagnose the disease, but he can play an active role in prevention, signaling, such as timely diagnosis, and awareness raising with his community, taking advantage of the high proximity he has with his population. Its control can provide a significant improvement in the diabetic's quality of life, a more efficient control of his glycemia and potentiate a reduction in the number of possible complications. In the scope of this dissertation, an exploratory study was carried out in a community pharmacy in Alcântara (Lisbon), with the aim of analyzing the behavior of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals, regarding their health and behavior standards, as well as in their relationship with the diagnosis of DM and the importance attributed to the community pharmacist.
Descrição
Orientação: Marisa Nicolai
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, DIABETES, DIABETES, DIAGNÓSTICOS, DIAGNOSES, FARMÁCIAS COMUNITÁRIAS, COMMUNITY PHARMACIES, FARMACÊUTICOS, PHARMACISTS, PORTUGAL, PORTUGAL