Suicidio no idoso : o papel do assistente social
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2018
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A presente dissertação tem como objetivos caracterizar os idosos que
idealizaram/tentaram o suicídio e descrever as suas principais manifestações
comportamentais. Pretende ainda conhecer/compreender o percurso académico/formativo e a
intervenção do Assistente Social/Dirigente Institucional perante uma ideação/tentativa de
suicídio no idoso. Assenta numa metodologia qualitativa, suportada em vinte e dois casos
realizadas a catorze Assistentes Sociais/Dirigentes Institucionais. Após a análise dos
resultados, concluiu-se que a nossa amostra se caracteriza por possuir desesperança,
perturbação de ansiedade e ausência de doenças neurológicas e crónicas. A nível psicossocial,
a maior parte vivenciou múltiplos acontecimentos geradores de stresse. A maioria não
apresentou nenhum antecedente de história psiquiátrica familiar. Em termos de manifestações
comportamentais, o enforcamento foi o mais prevalente. Verificou-se que a maior parte dos
Assistentes Sociais/Dirigentes Institucionais abordou a temática do suicídio no decorrer do
seu percurso académico, contudo poucos foram os que se especializaram/formaram na área.
No que concerne às equipas de terreno, a maior parte é somente constituída por um Assistente
Social, relatam reduzida intervenção ao nível preventivo e efetuam a maior parte dos
encaminhamentos dos sujeitos idosos que idealizaram/tentaram o suicídio para as urgências
hospitalares. Conclui-se que potenciar a formação/especialização dos técnicos, alargar as
equipas técnicas por forma a se tornarem transdisciplinares, potenciar programas de
prevenção, alertar para a escassez de recursos ao nível do encaminhamento destes sujeitos e
ter em consideração a caracterização e as principais manifestações comportamentais destes
indivíduos no quotidiano da intervenção parece ser de fulcral importância.
The present dissertation aims to characterize the elderly who idealized / attempted suicide and describe their main behavioral manifestations. It also intends to know / understand the academic / formative principles and the intervention of the Social Worker / Institutional Officer before an ideation / attempt of suicide in the elderly. It is based on a qualitative methodology, supported by twenty-two interviews with fourteen Social Assistants / Institutional Leaders. After the analysis of the results it was concluded that our sample is characterized by having hopelessness, anxiety disorder and absence of neurological and chronic diseases. At the psychosocial level, most experienced multiple stress-generating events. Most had no history of family psychiatric history. In terms of behavioral manifestations, hanging was the most prevalent. It was found that the majority of the Social Assistants / Institutional Managers approached the subject of the suicide during the course of their academic studies. However, only a few those specialized / formed in that area. As far as specialized teams are concerned, most of them are made up of one Social Worker, they report a reduced level of intervention at the preventive level, and they carry out most of the referrals of the elderly subjects who idealized / attempted suicide to hospital emergencies. It is concluded that to enhance the training / specialization of technicians, to extend the technical teams to become transdisciplinary, to promote prevention programs, to alert to the scarcity of resources at the level of referral of these subjects and to take into account the characterization and the main behavioural manifastations of these individuals in the daily life of the intervention seems to be of paramount importance.
The present dissertation aims to characterize the elderly who idealized / attempted suicide and describe their main behavioral manifestations. It also intends to know / understand the academic / formative principles and the intervention of the Social Worker / Institutional Officer before an ideation / attempt of suicide in the elderly. It is based on a qualitative methodology, supported by twenty-two interviews with fourteen Social Assistants / Institutional Leaders. After the analysis of the results it was concluded that our sample is characterized by having hopelessness, anxiety disorder and absence of neurological and chronic diseases. At the psychosocial level, most experienced multiple stress-generating events. Most had no history of family psychiatric history. In terms of behavioral manifestations, hanging was the most prevalent. It was found that the majority of the Social Assistants / Institutional Managers approached the subject of the suicide during the course of their academic studies. However, only a few those specialized / formed in that area. As far as specialized teams are concerned, most of them are made up of one Social Worker, they report a reduced level of intervention at the preventive level, and they carry out most of the referrals of the elderly subjects who idealized / attempted suicide to hospital emergencies. It is concluded that to enhance the training / specialization of technicians, to extend the technical teams to become transdisciplinary, to promote prevention programs, to alert to the scarcity of resources at the level of referral of these subjects and to take into account the characterization and the main behavioural manifastations of these individuals in the daily life of the intervention seems to be of paramount importance.
Descrição
Orientação: Fátima
Cristina da Silva Ribeiro Gameiro
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, SERVIÇO SOCIAL, GERONTOLOGIA SOCIAL, SUICÍDIO, IDOSOS, SOCIAL WORK, SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY, SUICIDE, ELDERLY, ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS, SOCIAL WORKERS