Mastocitoma canino : quatro casos clínicos
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Data
2021
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O mastocitoma é a neoplasia cutânea mais comum em cães. O diagnóstico inicial é realizado por citologia e confirmado com histopatologia. É essencial realizar um estadiamento que inclua, no mínimo, análises sanguíneas, citologias dos linfonodos regionais e ecografia abdominal. Alguns fatores de prognóstico incluem a classificação histológica, metastização e marcadores de proliferação celular. O tratamento de primeira escolha é a cirurgia, mas existem tratamentos que podem ser utilizados em alternativa ou como adjuvantes, como a quimioterapia, a radioterapia e os inibidores de tirosina quinase.
Com o presente trabalho pretendeu-se realizar uma revisão da literatura atual, a descrição de quatro casos clínicos acompanhados durante o estágio curricular e uma comparação entre ambos.
Para tal, foram selecionados quatro casos clínicos de mastocitoma canino, acompanhados durante o estágio curricular no Hospital Veterinário Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias.
Nos casos descritos verificaram-se duas das raças e também a faixa etária descrita na literatura como predispostas. Em todos os casos foi realizado diagnóstico com citologia, confirmado por histopatologia e estadiamento adequado. Todos os animais foram sujeitos a cirurgia e três iniciaram tratamento adjuvante, tendo um sido interrompido. Um dos animais foi eutanasiado devido à progressão da doença.
Mast cell tumor is the most common skin neoplasm in dogs. Initial diagnosis is performed by cytology and confirmed by histopathology. It is essential to perform staging that includes, as a minimum, blood tests, regional lymph node cytology and abdominal ultrasound. Some prognostic factors include histological classification, presence of metastasis and cell proliferation markers. The first-line treatment is surgery, but there are treatments that can be used alternatively or as adjuvants, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. With the present work, it was intended to make a current literature review, describe four clinical cases followed during the curricular internship and make a comparison between both. To this end, four clinical cases of canine mast cell tumors were selected, followed up during the curricular internship at the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias. In the cases described there were two breeds and also the age group described in the literature as predisposed. In all cases, diagnosis was performed with cytology, confirmed by histopathology and appropriate staging was done. All animals underwent surgery and three started adjuvant treatment, with one being discontinued. One of the animals was euthanized due to disease progression.
Mast cell tumor is the most common skin neoplasm in dogs. Initial diagnosis is performed by cytology and confirmed by histopathology. It is essential to perform staging that includes, as a minimum, blood tests, regional lymph node cytology and abdominal ultrasound. Some prognostic factors include histological classification, presence of metastasis and cell proliferation markers. The first-line treatment is surgery, but there are treatments that can be used alternatively or as adjuvants, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. With the present work, it was intended to make a current literature review, describe four clinical cases followed during the curricular internship and make a comparison between both. To this end, four clinical cases of canine mast cell tumors were selected, followed up during the curricular internship at the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias. In the cases described there were two breeds and also the age group described in the literature as predisposed. In all cases, diagnosis was performed with cytology, confirmed by histopathology and appropriate staging was done. All animals underwent surgery and three started adjuvant treatment, with one being discontinued. One of the animals was euthanized due to disease progression.
Descrição
Orientação: Maria João Soares ; coorientação: Ana Rita Serras
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, CANÍDEOS, CASOS CLÍNICOS, MASTOCITOMAS, NEOPLASIAS, ONCOLOGIA VETERINÁRIA, QUIMIOTERAPIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, CASE REPORTS, CANIDS, DOGS, MAST CELL TUMOR, VETERINARY ONCOLOGY, CHEMOTHERAPY