A qualidade do envelhecimento em condições de mono-residencialidade
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2013
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
A presente dissertação tem como intuito avaliar a qualidade de vida e a solidão dos idosos e posteriormente relacionar estas duas variáveis. Visa compreender quais os factores que levam o idoso à mono-residencialidade, numa faixa etária igual e/ou superior a 60 anos. Isto é, perceber se derivam da livre escolha do indivíduo, ou resultado de um processo de viuvez, ou algo que lhe foi imposto e qual o género em que esta tendência mais se verifica. Pretende-se ainda, através de um trabalho comparativo perceber as divergências e as convergências entre os indivíduos institucionalizados dos não institucionalizados.
A amostra foi recolhida em Lisboa com a colaboração de 100 participantes, divididos em dois grupos distintos: 47 idosos institucionalizados e 53 não institucionalizados. Procedeu-se a uma caracterização sociodemográfica da amostra e posteriormente recorreu-se à aplicação de três instrumentos: a WHOQOL-BREF (Canavarro & et. al., 2007) a WHOQOL-OLD (Simões & Vilar, 2010) e a UCLA (Neto, 1989).
Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a qualidade de vida dos idosos é média-baixa e os níveis da escala de solidão revelaram uma moderada satisfação social. Assim, a relação entre a qualidade de vida e a solidão foram correlacionadas. Observou-se que não existem diferenças significativas entre o género feminino e a mono-residencialidade, e o motivo da viuvez não é a principal causa para os idosos viverem sós. Verificou-se que o nível médio das escalas WHOQOL-OLD e UCLA são ligeiramente distintos, sendo inferiores na amostra dos idosos não institucionalizados. Na WHOQOL-BREF os valores dos domínios (geral, físico, psicológico e meio-ambiente) que compõem esta escala tendem a ser superiores na amostra dos idosos não institucionalizados. Enquanto que, o domínio social da referida escala, tende a ser maior na amostra dos idosos institucionalizados.
The main objective of this work is to evaluate elders’ quality of life and loneliness and establish a relation between these two variables. It aims to understand which factors lead the elder to mono-residency, in an age group equal and/or superior to 60 years old. This is, to understand if mono-residency is deliberately chosen by the individual or if it is the outcome of a widowhood process, or something that was imposed and in which genre this trend is more visible. Thus, through a comparative study we expect to understand the differences and similarities between non-institutionalized and institutionalized individuals. The sample was collected in Lisbon with the collaboration of 100 participants, divided into two distinct groups: 47 institutionalized elders and 53 non-institutionalized. We undertook a sociodemographic characterization of the sample and subsequently three instruments were applied: a WHOQOL-BREF (Canavarro & et. al., 2007) a WHOQOL-OLD (Simões & Vilar, 2010) and an UCLA (Neto, 1989). The results obtained showed that elders’ quality of life is medium-low and the levels of loneliness revealed a moderate social satisfaction. Thus, the relationship between quality of life and loneliness were correlated. There were not observed significant differences between female gender and mono-residence, and widowhood is only one of the several causes elders have to live alone. It was verified that the average level of scale WHOQOL-OLD and UCLA are slightly different, being lower in the sample of non-institutionalized elder. In WHOQOL-BREF values of domains (general, physical, psychological and environmental) that compose this scale tend to be higher in the sample of non-institutionalized elder. While the social domain of that scale, tends to be higher in the sample of institutionalized elder.
The main objective of this work is to evaluate elders’ quality of life and loneliness and establish a relation between these two variables. It aims to understand which factors lead the elder to mono-residency, in an age group equal and/or superior to 60 years old. This is, to understand if mono-residency is deliberately chosen by the individual or if it is the outcome of a widowhood process, or something that was imposed and in which genre this trend is more visible. Thus, through a comparative study we expect to understand the differences and similarities between non-institutionalized and institutionalized individuals. The sample was collected in Lisbon with the collaboration of 100 participants, divided into two distinct groups: 47 institutionalized elders and 53 non-institutionalized. We undertook a sociodemographic characterization of the sample and subsequently three instruments were applied: a WHOQOL-BREF (Canavarro & et. al., 2007) a WHOQOL-OLD (Simões & Vilar, 2010) and an UCLA (Neto, 1989). The results obtained showed that elders’ quality of life is medium-low and the levels of loneliness revealed a moderate social satisfaction. Thus, the relationship between quality of life and loneliness were correlated. There were not observed significant differences between female gender and mono-residence, and widowhood is only one of the several causes elders have to live alone. It was verified that the average level of scale WHOQOL-OLD and UCLA are slightly different, being lower in the sample of non-institutionalized elder. In WHOQOL-BREF values of domains (general, physical, psychological and environmental) that compose this scale tend to be higher in the sample of non-institutionalized elder. While the social domain of that scale, tends to be higher in the sample of institutionalized elder.
Descrição
Orientação : João Pedro Oliveira
Palavras-chave
PSICOLOGIA, QUALIDADE DE VIDA, IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS, SOLIDÃO, PSYCHOLOGY, QUALITY OF LIFE, INSTITUTIONALISED ELDERLY PEOPLE, LONELINESS, IDOSOS, ELDERLY, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA FORENSE E EXCLUSÃO SOCIAL