Anti-inflamatórios não esteróides : o papel dos genes na resposta à terapêutica
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2023
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Os Anti-inflamatórios não Esteróides (AINEs) são fármacos amplamente prescritos
em todo o mundo e podem ter efeito antipirético, analgésico, anti-inflamatório ou
antitrombótico.
O estudo desta classe de fármacos é contínuo não só pela sua eficácia terapêutica e
ampla utilização, mas também pela alta prevalência de notificações de reações adversas a nível
gastrointestinal, cardiovascular e renal.
A Farmacogenómica é a ciência que tem como objetivo otimizar a terapêutica,
estudando as variações genéticas e a influência que o genoma de cada indivíduo pode ter na
eficácia do tratamento e na manifestação de reações adversas ou segurança.
Esta Dissertação visa conhecer o papel da Farmacogenómica na resposta à terapêutica
com AINEs identificando polimorfismos associados às reações adversas medicamentosas
(RAMs), destacando-se assim o papel de alguns genes. São também apresentados resultados de
um estudo experimental feito sob a forma de questionário. Esse estudo contou com 336
inquiridos em que mais de metade referiu ter noções sobre Farmacogenómica.
Muitas expectativas são depositadas na importância e no papel da Farmacogenómica,
mas terão ainda de ser feitos muitos esforços no sentido de colocar em prática o avanço da
medicina personalizada no tratamento de cada indivíduo.
Palavras-Chave: AINEs, Farmacogenómica, Genes, Reações Adversas
Medicamentosas, Polimorfismos.
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed drugs worldwide and can have antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory or antithrombotic effects. The study of this class of drugs is continuous not only due to their therapeutic efficacy and wide use but also because of the high prevalence of reported adverse reactions at gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal systems. Pharmacogenomics is the science that aims to optimize therapy by studying genetic variations and the influence that the genome of everyone can have on the effectiveness of treatment and the manifestation of adverse reactions or safety. This dissertation aims to explore the role of Pharmacogenomics in the response to therapy with NSAIDs by identifying polymorphisms associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and highlighting the role of genes. Additionally, the results of an experimental questionnaire study are also presented. This study involved 336 respondents, of whom more than half reported having knowledge about Pharmacogenomics. Many expectations are placed regarding the importance and role of Pharmacogenomics, but many and further efforts will still have to be made to implement the advance of personalized medicine in the treatment of each individual. Keywords: NSAIDs, Pharmacogenomics, Genes, Adverse Drug Reactions, Polymorphisms
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed drugs worldwide and can have antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory or antithrombotic effects. The study of this class of drugs is continuous not only due to their therapeutic efficacy and wide use but also because of the high prevalence of reported adverse reactions at gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal systems. Pharmacogenomics is the science that aims to optimize therapy by studying genetic variations and the influence that the genome of everyone can have on the effectiveness of treatment and the manifestation of adverse reactions or safety. This dissertation aims to explore the role of Pharmacogenomics in the response to therapy with NSAIDs by identifying polymorphisms associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and highlighting the role of genes. Additionally, the results of an experimental questionnaire study are also presented. This study involved 336 respondents, of whom more than half reported having knowledge about Pharmacogenomics. Many expectations are placed regarding the importance and role of Pharmacogenomics, but many and further efforts will still have to be made to implement the advance of personalized medicine in the treatment of each individual. Keywords: NSAIDs, Pharmacogenomics, Genes, Adverse Drug Reactions, Polymorphisms
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Orientação: João Guilherme Costa
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, ANTI-INFLAMATORIOS NÃO ESTEROIDES, NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS, FARMACOGENÓMICA, PHARMACOGENOMICS, GENES, GENES, REAÇÕES AOS MEDICAMENTOS, ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS, POLIFORMISMO, POLYMORPHISM