Colapso traqueal em cães: descrição de 4 casos clínicos
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2023
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O colapso traqueal é uma patologia comum em animais de raça pequena/toy, caraterizada pela estenose dorsoventral da traqueia. Este achatamento dorsoventral decorre de alterações degenerativas na cartilagem dos anéis traqueais. Animais com colapso traqueal apresentam-se, geralmente, com queixas de tosse, dispneia e em casos mais severos, episódios de síncope. O diagnóstico definitivo desta patologia é obtido com uma combinação entre a anamnese recolhida e endoscopia. O tratamento de primeira escolha, nestes casos, é o tratamento médico com fármacos antitússicos, corticoterapia e sedação, podendo, em último caso, recorrer-se a tratamento cirúrgico, com colocação de próteses extraluminais ou stents intraluminais. O prognóstico destes animais depende do grau de estenose presente, assim como da presença de patologias concomitantes.
A presente dissertação, visa rever a literatura atual relativamente ao colapso traqueal, assim como expor e discutir quatro casos clínicos observados durante o período de estágio curricular, comparando-os com a bibliografia publicada.
Palavras-chave: colapso traqueal, tosse, dispneia, traqueia.
Tracheal collapse, characterised by a dorsoventral stenosis of the trachea, is a common pathology that occurs mostly in small or toy breeds. This dorsoventral flattening occurs because of cartilage degeneration of the tracheal rings. Animals with tracheal collapse, often present clinical signs such as cough, dyspnea or, in more severe cases, syncope. The definitive diagnosis of this pathology is obtained through a combination of the patient clinical history and through endoscopy. The first-line treatment for these cases is a medical treatment with antitussive medication, corticotherapy and light sedation, leaving the surgical treatment with extraluminal prostheses or intraluminal stenting as a last resort. The prognosis of the animal is dependent on the degree of tracheal stenosis, as well as the presence of concomitant pathologies. This dissertation aims to review the current literature regarding tracheal collapse, as well as exposing and discussing four clinical cases observed during the curricular internship, comparing them to the current bibliography. Keywords: tracheal collapse, cough, dyspnea, trachea.
Tracheal collapse, characterised by a dorsoventral stenosis of the trachea, is a common pathology that occurs mostly in small or toy breeds. This dorsoventral flattening occurs because of cartilage degeneration of the tracheal rings. Animals with tracheal collapse, often present clinical signs such as cough, dyspnea or, in more severe cases, syncope. The definitive diagnosis of this pathology is obtained through a combination of the patient clinical history and through endoscopy. The first-line treatment for these cases is a medical treatment with antitussive medication, corticotherapy and light sedation, leaving the surgical treatment with extraluminal prostheses or intraluminal stenting as a last resort. The prognosis of the animal is dependent on the degree of tracheal stenosis, as well as the presence of concomitant pathologies. This dissertation aims to review the current literature regarding tracheal collapse, as well as exposing and discussing four clinical cases observed during the curricular internship, comparing them to the current bibliography. Keywords: tracheal collapse, cough, dyspnea, trachea.
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Orientação: Rute Canejo Teixeira
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, VETERINÁRIA, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, CÃES, DOGS, CASOS CLÍNICOS, CASE REPORTS, TOSSE, COUGH, DISPNEIA, DYSPNEA, TRAQUEIA, TRACHEA