Fatores que influenciaram o sucesso da inseminação artificial, com sémen refrigerado, numa população ovina constituída por Merinas Pretas e Merinas Brancas
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2019
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A inseminação artificial (IA) é a tecnologia reprodutiva com maior impacto na produção animal em todo o mundo. Em ovinos, a IA contribuiu, significativamente, para o melhoramento da genética dos rebanhos a nível mundial. No entanto, esta técnica é limitada, em comparação com outras espécies domésticas, por estar associada a resultados de fertilidade baixos e irregulares.
Com o presente trabalho, pretendeu-se avaliar quais os fatores com maior impacto no sucesso da IA com sémen refrigerado em ovinos das raças Merina Preta (MP) e Merina Branca (MB), com o objetivo de, futuramente, melhorar os resultados da técnica e ajudar em planos de melhoramento animal nesta espécie. Os fatores avaliados foram: raça, exploração, idade das fémeas, local de deposição do sémen, e condição corporal (CC).
Para a realização do nosso estudo, procedeu-se à inseminação de 419 ovinos pertencentes ao esquema de seleção da Associação Nacional de Criadores de Ovinos da Raça Merina (ANCORME). Os dados recolhidos foram registados aquando da inseminação.
Os fatores exploração, idade da fémea e local de deposição do sémen demonstraram ser fatores com um impacto significativo no sucesso do nosso estudo. O fator raça e a CC não entraram para o modelo estatístico. Em relação ao fator exploração este demonstrou-se significativo no sucesso da IA, sendo que as variáveis Dg+ e a fertilidade influenciaram positivamente (p <0.05), a prolificidade demonstrou ser significativa em relação ao fator idade (p <0.05) e a fertilidade demonstrou ter efeito significativo (p <0.05) perante o local de deposição do sémen.
Estes fatores devem ser tidos em conta de forma a avaliar a performance da técnica sendo pontos importantes a calcular, na realização de programas de melhoramento animal em ovinos.
Artificial insemination (AI) is the reproductive technology with the greatest impact on livestock production worldwide. In sheep AI has contributed significantly to the improvement of herd genetics worldwide. However, this technique is limited compared to other domestic species because it is associated with low and irregular fertility results. The present work aimed to evaluate which factors have the greatest impact on the success of AI with refrigerated semen in Merina Preta (MP) and Merina Branca (MB) sheep in order to improve the results of the technique in the future, and assist in animal breeding plans in this species. The factors evaluated were breed, farm, age of the female, place of semen deposition, and body condition score. To carry out our study, 419 sheep were inseminated in the selection scheme of the National Association of Merine Sheep Breeders (ANCORME). These sheep were inseminated and data were recorded at insemination time. The factors farm, female age and place of semen deposition proved to be factors with a significant impact on the success of our study. The breed factor and body condition score did not enter the statistical model. The variables Dg+ and fertility showed to be significant in the farm factor in the success of AI (p <0.05), prolificacy was significant in the age factor (p <0.05) and fertility showed significant effect (p <0.05) in semen deposition site. These factors should be taken into account in order to evaluate the performance of the technique and important points to calculate when conducting animal breeding programs in sheep.
Artificial insemination (AI) is the reproductive technology with the greatest impact on livestock production worldwide. In sheep AI has contributed significantly to the improvement of herd genetics worldwide. However, this technique is limited compared to other domestic species because it is associated with low and irregular fertility results. The present work aimed to evaluate which factors have the greatest impact on the success of AI with refrigerated semen in Merina Preta (MP) and Merina Branca (MB) sheep in order to improve the results of the technique in the future, and assist in animal breeding plans in this species. The factors evaluated were breed, farm, age of the female, place of semen deposition, and body condition score. To carry out our study, 419 sheep were inseminated in the selection scheme of the National Association of Merine Sheep Breeders (ANCORME). These sheep were inseminated and data were recorded at insemination time. The factors farm, female age and place of semen deposition proved to be factors with a significant impact on the success of our study. The breed factor and body condition score did not enter the statistical model. The variables Dg+ and fertility showed to be significant in the farm factor in the success of AI (p <0.05), prolificacy was significant in the age factor (p <0.05) and fertility showed significant effect (p <0.05) in semen deposition site. These factors should be taken into account in order to evaluate the performance of the technique and important points to calculate when conducting animal breeding programs in sheep.
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Orientação: Carlos Bettencourt
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, OVINOS, INSEMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL, REPRODUÇÃO ANIMAL, MANEIO REPRODUTIVO, VETERINARY MEDICINE, SHEEP, ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION, ANIMAL BREEDING, REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT, SÉMEN REFRIGERADO, MELHORAMENTO ANIMAL, COOLED SEMEN, ANIMAL GENETIC IMPROVEMENT