Política de cotas e cidadania:o ingresso no ensino superior na conceção dos gestores da UERN
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2016
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A política de cotas faz parte de um conjunto denominado de ações afirmativas, as quais têm por objetivo proteger minorias e grupos socioculturalmente desprivilegiados que, em uma determinada sociedade, tenham sidodiscriminados no passado. No Brasil, taisaçõesvisam corrigir um quadro de discriminação existentedesde a sua colonização,quandogrupos foram marginalizados, nomeadamente os de etnia negra,dando origem a uma sociedade formada por uma elite branca europeia,detentora de privilégios econômicos em relação aos demais povos aqui existentese que persiste até os dias atuais.A política de cotas,que versa sobre o ingresso de alunos no ensino superior,tem por objetivo garantir uma mitigação dos efeitos da discriminação social e racial fortemente presentes na história do país, no sentido de proporcionar uma educação de qualidade a pessoasque certamente não teriam condições de obtê-la pelos meios tradicionais de ingresso nas instituições de ensino superior do país. A Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Nortepassou a adotar o sistema de cotas a partir do vestibular de 2004, tendo adotado a reserva de cinquenta por cento, de suas vagas, no mínimo, por curso e turno, para alunos que tenham cursado integralmente os ensinos fundamental e médio em escola pública. O objetivo desta investigação é analisar as concepções dos chefes de departamento da UERN acerca da viabilidade da política de cotas implantada na universidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa e quantitativa, uma vez que tal enfoque fora considerado o mais adequadopara compreender a forma como tem sido tratada a política de cotas na UERN, aliandoa verificação da concepção dos chefes de departamentos acerca da política de cotas implementada na universidade, assim como a interação entre a quantidade de alunos cotistas que ingressaram na instituição de ensino no ano de 2006 e concluíram os respectivos cursos em tempo regular.Nos resultados da pesquisa,percebe-se que apesar de ser um ponto de divergência entre os entrevistados, os dados estatísticos comprovam que osalunos ingressantes na instituição de ensino através das cotas não possuem déficit significativo de insucesso em relação aos ingressantes pela forma tradicional. Ao contrário, os alunos do curso de medicina, qual seja o mais concorrido e considerado o mais difícil no que tange ao ingresso e à conclusão, possui maior índice de integralizaçãoem tempo regular pelos alunos cotistas. Vê-se, portanto, que as ações afirmativas têm alcançado seu intento de reconstrução de uma sociedade mais equitativa, garantindo aos cidadãos o exercício pleno da cidadania.
The quotas policy belongs to a group so-called affirmative actions, which aims to protect social minorities and sociocultural unprivileged populations that have been discriminated, by a certain society, in the past. In Brazil, such actions are supposed to ease a situation of discrimination existent from the colonization time, when groups were marginalized, namely those of black ethnicity, giving rise a society composed by European white elite that claimed for economical privileges rather than the native population, and that persisted from then on until now. The quotas policy, that verses about the admission of students in the superior education system, has the objective of mitigate the effects of the social e racial discrimination that are strongly and historically presents in the country, as they look for provide quality education to people that otherwise wouldn’t have conditions to achieve it by using the traditional methods of access in such institutions. The State University of Rio Grande do Norte applies the quotas system since 2004 to its selection process, reserving at least 50% of the places to students who have studied integrally mid school and high school in public institutions. The objective of this research is to analyze the conceptions of UERN department heads about the feasibility of the quota policy implemented at the university. The methodology used was qualitative and quantitative, since this approach was considered the most adequate to understand the way the quota policy has been treated at UERN, combining the verification of the conception of heads of departments about the quota policy implemented in the University, as well as the interaction between the number of quota students who entered the educational institution in 2006 and completed their courses in regular time. In the results of the research, we noticed that, notwithstanding the interviewed people divergence, statistic data prove that such group do not show significant deficit when compared with those who did not make use of that benefit. Instead, among the students of medicine school, which is considered the most difficult to ingress in and to conclude, the group of students enrolled by the quotas policy show a higher level of graduations in the regular time. Therefore, the conclusion is that affirmative actions have succeeded to achieve its goals of reconstruction of a more equalized society, as they grant to citizens the full exercise of citizenship.
The quotas policy belongs to a group so-called affirmative actions, which aims to protect social minorities and sociocultural unprivileged populations that have been discriminated, by a certain society, in the past. In Brazil, such actions are supposed to ease a situation of discrimination existent from the colonization time, when groups were marginalized, namely those of black ethnicity, giving rise a society composed by European white elite that claimed for economical privileges rather than the native population, and that persisted from then on until now. The quotas policy, that verses about the admission of students in the superior education system, has the objective of mitigate the effects of the social e racial discrimination that are strongly and historically presents in the country, as they look for provide quality education to people that otherwise wouldn’t have conditions to achieve it by using the traditional methods of access in such institutions. The State University of Rio Grande do Norte applies the quotas system since 2004 to its selection process, reserving at least 50% of the places to students who have studied integrally mid school and high school in public institutions. The objective of this research is to analyze the conceptions of UERN department heads about the feasibility of the quota policy implemented at the university. The methodology used was qualitative and quantitative, since this approach was considered the most adequate to understand the way the quota policy has been treated at UERN, combining the verification of the conception of heads of departments about the quota policy implemented in the University, as well as the interaction between the number of quota students who entered the educational institution in 2006 and completed their courses in regular time. In the results of the research, we noticed that, notwithstanding the interviewed people divergence, statistic data prove that such group do not show significant deficit when compared with those who did not make use of that benefit. Instead, among the students of medicine school, which is considered the most difficult to ingress in and to conclude, the group of students enrolled by the quotas policy show a higher level of graduations in the regular time. Therefore, the conclusion is that affirmative actions have succeeded to achieve its goals of reconstruction of a more equalized society, as they grant to citizens the full exercise of citizenship.
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Orientação: Maria das Graças Ataíde
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MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, CIDADANIA, ENSINO SUPERIOR, POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA, ACESSO À EDUCAÇÃO, AÇÃO AFIRMATIVA, ESTUDOS DE CASO, BRASIL, EDUCATION, CITIZENSHIP, HIGHER EDUCATION, EDUCATIONAL POLICY, ACCESS TO EDUCATION, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, CASE STUDIES, BRAZIL