O papel da reserva cognitiva no treino cognitivo de adultos idosos com recurso a atividades digitais
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2024
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À medida que se envelhece é natural assistir-se a um declínio cognitivo. A capacidade cerebral diminui e, consequentemente, o desempenho cognitivo decresce. No entanto, a ciência tem revelado que a reserva cognitiva desempenha um papel crucial na mitigação desses efeitos e, desta forma, o treino cognitivo torna-se uma ferramenta de fortalecimento do cérebro. Garantir um envelhecimento saudável é, cada vez mais, uma prioridade de acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde estando a população portuguesa cada vez mais envelhecida.O presente estudo procura perceber o papel da reserva cognitiva no treino cognitivo de adultos idosos com recurso a atividades digitais, trata-se de um estudo longitudinal com desenho experimental com recurso a uma amostra não-probabilística. A amostra foi composta por 10 participantes com idades compreendidas entre 73 e os 90 anos de idade (n= 10; M= 81.80; DP= 6.30). Utilizaram-se as seguintes medidas: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Trail Making Test - parte A, Questionário de Reserva Cognitiva (QRC). Os resultados sugerem a inexistência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas no desempenho dos participantes antes e depois do treino cognitivo, refutando os objetivos específicos propostos. Conclui-se que, embora a reserva cognitiva e as intervenções cognitivas com base tecnológica sejam áreas em plena expansão, com grande potencial para promover a saúde cerebral e prevenir o declínio cognitivo, os resultados da amostra estudada indicam que a RC não interfere favoravelmente no treino cognitivo.
As people age, cognitive decline is a natural occurrence. Brain capacity diminishes, and consequently, cognitive performance declines as well. However, scientific research has shown that cognitive reserve plays a crucial role in mitigating these effects, making cognitive training an effective tool for strengthening the brain. Ensuring healthy aging is increasingly a priority, according to the World Health Organization, and the portuguese population is becoming progressively older. This study explores the role of cognitive reserve in the cognitive training of older adults through digital activities and examines whether improvements are seen in the following domains: processing speed, mental flexibility, and planning, after four weeks of cognitive training. This is a longitudinal study with an experimental design and non-probabilistic convenience sampling, involving 10 participants aged between 73 and 90 (n=10; M= 81.80; SD= 6.30). The measures used were the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices, the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the Trail Making Test - Part A, the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire (CRQ), a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, and the Lumosity platform, which provided the digital training exercises. The results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences in the participants' performance before and after the cognitive training, refuting both proposed hypotheses. It is concluded that, although cognitive reserve and technology-based cognitive interventions are rapidly growing fields with great potential to promote brain health and prevent cognitive decline, the results from the studied sample suggest that cognitive reserve does not have a favorable impact on cognitive training.
As people age, cognitive decline is a natural occurrence. Brain capacity diminishes, and consequently, cognitive performance declines as well. However, scientific research has shown that cognitive reserve plays a crucial role in mitigating these effects, making cognitive training an effective tool for strengthening the brain. Ensuring healthy aging is increasingly a priority, according to the World Health Organization, and the portuguese population is becoming progressively older. This study explores the role of cognitive reserve in the cognitive training of older adults through digital activities and examines whether improvements are seen in the following domains: processing speed, mental flexibility, and planning, after four weeks of cognitive training. This is a longitudinal study with an experimental design and non-probabilistic convenience sampling, involving 10 participants aged between 73 and 90 (n=10; M= 81.80; SD= 6.30). The measures used were the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices, the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the Trail Making Test - Part A, the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire (CRQ), a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, and the Lumosity platform, which provided the digital training exercises. The results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences in the participants' performance before and after the cognitive training, refuting both proposed hypotheses. It is concluded that, although cognitive reserve and technology-based cognitive interventions are rapidly growing fields with great potential to promote brain health and prevent cognitive decline, the results from the studied sample suggest that cognitive reserve does not have a favorable impact on cognitive training.
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PSYCHOLOGY, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, AGEING, ACTIVE AGEING, COGNITIVE TRAINING, COGNITION, COGNITIVE STIMULATION, COGNITIVE RESERVE, MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, NEUROPSICOLOGIA, ENVELHECIMENTO, ENVELHECIMENTO ATIVO, TREINO COGNITIVO, COGNIÇÃO, ESTIMULAÇÃO COGNITIVA, RESERVA COGNITIVA