As artes marciais & desportos de combate no contexto do ensino na educação física escolar : efeitos da práxis pedagógica na concepção de estudantes
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2022
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Os estudos sobre o ensino das Artes Marciais e Desportos de Combate (AM&DC) no contexto
da Educação Física escolar são escassos, no Brasil. A literatura científica alvitra várias pistas
e propostas para a abordagem das AM&DC, mas carecem as investigações sobre a temática
em diferentes períodos escolares e com objetivos distintos, que envolvam a intervenção
pedagógica e os seus efeitos. Com o objetivo de colmatar esta lacuna, realizámos uma
investigação de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, no âmbito da Educação, procurando revelar
o efeito das práxis pedagógicas das AM&DC na opinião e perceções dos estudantes do ensino
secundário. Em termos metodológicos, foram realizados 6 encontros semanais, com uma aula
teórica e prática subsequentes, com a duração de 50 minutos cada. Foram contempladas nesta
análise 13 modalidades de AM&DC: Judô, Jiu-Jitsu, Sumô, Huka-Huka, Greco-Romana;
Boxe, Capoeira, Karatê, Muay-Thai e Taekwondo; Esgrima (Espada, Sabre, Florete). A
população-alvo da pesquisa abrangeu 150 alunos do ensino secundário, distribuídos em 5
turmas. Para ingressar na pesquisa os alunos teriam que apresentar o consentimento e serem
autorizados pelos pais e responderem ao inquérito por questionário aplicado no início e no
final do estudo. Só foram incluídos no estudo os alunos que participaram, no mínimo, em 8
(75%) aulas. Para análise dos conteúdos das respostas adotou-se a análise categorial de
Bardin, a codificação e planificação dos dados recorrendo ao ‘Statistical Packaged for the
Social Sciences’ (SPSS). Na análise estatística dos dados teve-se em conta o teste não
paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Com a definição de um Modelo de Análise Desagregado, adotou se as dimensões educacional, cultural, social e motora para discussão das respostas. Em
termos de resultados, verificou-se que houve um efeito positivo na opinião e percepção dos
alunos sobre o significado e a finalidade das AM&DC na Educação Física. Para esse efeito,
registou-se a eficácia das aulas na mudança de perspectiva discente no que diz respeito aos
aspectos educacionais e culturais, reconhecidos como fundamentais na sua formação pessoal.
Devido às práticas de AM&DC os alunos revelaram o impacto positivo na promoção das
relações sociais, no combate ao preconceito de género e à exclusão. Conlui-se, no aspecto das
capacidades físicas que o efeito da práxis pedagógica resultou em melhorias no tempo de
reação e na aprendizagem de novos movimentos, segundo a perceção dos alunos.
The studies about the teaching of Martial Arts and Combat Sports (MA&DC) in the context of school Physical Education are scarce in Brazil. The scientific literature suggests several clues and proposals for the approach of MA&DC, but there is a lack of research on the theme in different school periods and with different objectives, involving the pedagogical intervention and its effects. In order to fill this gap, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative research, within the scope of Education, seeking to reveal the Effect of the pedagogical practices of the AM&DC in the opinion and perceptions of secondary school students. In methodological terms, 6 weekly meetings were held, with a subsequent theoretical and practical lesson lasting 50 minutes each. Thirteen AM&DC modalities were contemplated in this analysis: Judo, Jiu-Jitsu, Sumo, Huka-Huka, Greco-Roman; Boxing, Capoeira, Karate, Muay-Thai and Taekwondo; Fencing (Sword, Sabre, Florete). The target population of the research comprised 150 high school students, distributed in 5 classes. To join the research, the students would have to present consent and be authorized by their parents and answer the questionnaire survey applied at the beginning and end of the study. Only students who participated in at least 8 (75%) classes were included in the study. Bardin's categorical analysis was used to analyze the content of the answers, and the data were coded and planned using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The statistical analysis of the data took into account parametric and non-parametric tests. With the definition of a Disaggregated Analysis Model, the educational, cultural, social and motor dimensions were adopted to discuss the responses. In terms of results, it was found that there was a positive effect on students' opinion and perception of the meaning and purpose of AM&DC in Physical Education. For this effect, it was registered the effectiveness of the classes in changing the students' perspective regarding the educational and cultural aspects, recognized as fundamental in their personal formation. Due to the AM&DC practices the students revealed the positive impact in promoting social relations, combating gender prejudice and exclusion. It is concluded, in the aspect of physical abilities that the effect of the pedagogical praxis resulted in improvements in reaction time and in learning new movements, according to the students' perception.
The studies about the teaching of Martial Arts and Combat Sports (MA&DC) in the context of school Physical Education are scarce in Brazil. The scientific literature suggests several clues and proposals for the approach of MA&DC, but there is a lack of research on the theme in different school periods and with different objectives, involving the pedagogical intervention and its effects. In order to fill this gap, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative research, within the scope of Education, seeking to reveal the Effect of the pedagogical practices of the AM&DC in the opinion and perceptions of secondary school students. In methodological terms, 6 weekly meetings were held, with a subsequent theoretical and practical lesson lasting 50 minutes each. Thirteen AM&DC modalities were contemplated in this analysis: Judo, Jiu-Jitsu, Sumo, Huka-Huka, Greco-Roman; Boxing, Capoeira, Karate, Muay-Thai and Taekwondo; Fencing (Sword, Sabre, Florete). The target population of the research comprised 150 high school students, distributed in 5 classes. To join the research, the students would have to present consent and be authorized by their parents and answer the questionnaire survey applied at the beginning and end of the study. Only students who participated in at least 8 (75%) classes were included in the study. Bardin's categorical analysis was used to analyze the content of the answers, and the data were coded and planned using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The statistical analysis of the data took into account parametric and non-parametric tests. With the definition of a Disaggregated Analysis Model, the educational, cultural, social and motor dimensions were adopted to discuss the responses. In terms of results, it was found that there was a positive effect on students' opinion and perception of the meaning and purpose of AM&DC in Physical Education. For this effect, it was registered the effectiveness of the classes in changing the students' perspective regarding the educational and cultural aspects, recognized as fundamental in their personal formation. Due to the AM&DC practices the students revealed the positive impact in promoting social relations, combating gender prejudice and exclusion. It is concluded, in the aspect of physical abilities that the effect of the pedagogical praxis resulted in improvements in reaction time and in learning new movements, according to the students' perception.
Descrição
Orientação: Luís Fernandes Monteiro
Palavras-chave
DOUTORAMENTO EM EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, ARTES MARCIAIS, DESPORTOS DE COMBATE, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, ENSINO, APRENDIZAGEM, EDUCATION, MARTIAL ARTS, COMBAT SPORTS, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, TEACHING, LEARNING