Diagnóstico molecular e serológico de herpesvírus canino em cães de canis de reprodução na região metropolitana de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo
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2025
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O HVC-1 é um vírus com distribuição mundial, conhecido por causar problemas de infertilidade, distúrbios reprodutivos e mortalidade neonatal em cães. Na Europa, vários estudos indicam uma alta prevalência de anticorpos anti-HVC-1 em cães domésticos, com uma incidência mais elevada em animais pertencentes a canis de reprodução. No entanto, sobre este assunto, poucos foram os estudos realizados em Portugal. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos realizar o diagnóstico molecular de HVC-1 em cães de quatro canis de reprodução, na Região Metropolitana de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, comparar a excreção do vírus a nível ocular, nasal e genital, e avaliar a seroprevalência de anticorpos IgG anti-HVC-1 nestas coletividades. Durante o mês de Agosto de 2022, realizou-se a recolha de zaragatoas oculares (n=40), nasais (n=39), vaginais (n=28) e prepuciais (n=12), em 40 cães (28 fêmeas, 12 machos), pertencentes a 4 canis de reprodução. A presença de infeção por HVC-1 foi avaliada através de PCR convencional, com primers específicos para amplificação do gene da glicoproteína B. A partir de amostras de soro, foi realizado um teste de ELISA para pesquisa de anticorpos IgG anti-HVC-1. De entre os 40 animais testados, em 35 foi amplificado DNA de HVC-1 (77,50%), com resultados positivos em todas as localizações anatómicas analisadas, embora se tenha verificado uma maior frequência de positividade nas zaragatoas vaginais (64,29%) e prepuciais (41,67%). Foram encontradas frequências de infeção de 55,56%, 73,33%, 87,50% e 100% nos quatro canis em estudo. A população estudada apresentou uma seroprevalência de anticorpos IgG anti-HVC 1 de 100%, demonstrando que todos os animais, à exceção de um que se encontrava vacinado, tiveram contacto prévio com o vírus; 27,5% (11/40) dos animais apresentavam títulos de anticorpos considerados elevados. Os resultados alcançados evidenciam a presença ubíqua de HVC-1 nas coletividades em estudo, destacando a importância do maneio adequado dos animais e a necessidade de implementar medidas de prevenção da transmissão do vírus nestes locais. O presente trabalho vem, assim, contribuir para uma compreensão mais aprofundada sobre a epidemiologia e dinâmica de transmissão do HVC-1 em Portugal.
HVC-1 is a virus with a worldwide distribution, known to cause infertility problems, reproductive disorders, and neonatal mortality in dogs. In Europe, several studies indicate a high prevalence of anti-HVC-1 antibodies in domestic dogs, with a higher incidence in animals belonging to breeding kennels. Yet, in Portugal, only a few studies have been conducted on this subject. This study aimed to perform the molecular diagnosis of HCV-1 in dogs from four breeding kennels in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Metropolitan Region, to compare virus excretion at ocular, nasal and genital level, and to assess the seroprevalence of anti-HCV-1 IgG antibodies in these communities. During the month of August 2022, sample collection was made and ocular (n=40), nasal (n=39), vaginal (n=28) and preputial (n=12) swabs were collected from 40 dogs (28 females, 12 males) belonging to four breeding kennels. The presence of HCV-1 infection was assessed by conventional PCR with specific primers to amplify the glycoprotein B gene. An ELISA test was carried out on serum samples to detect HCV-1 IgG antibodies. Of the 40 animals tested, 35 were positive for the HVC-1 PCR (77,50%), with positive results identified in all anatomical locations analyzed, although a higher frequency of positive results was observed in vaginal (64,29%) and preputial swabs (41,67%). Infection frequencies of 55,56%, 73,33%, 87,50%, and 100% were found in the four kennels studied. The studied population showed a seroprevalence of anti-HVC-1 IgG antibodies of 100%, indicating that all animals, except for one that was vaccinated, had prior contact with the virus; 27,5% (11/40) of the animals had high antibody titers. The obtained results highlight the ubiquitous presence of HVC-1 in the studied populations, emphasizing the importance of proper animal management and the need to implement preventive measures to control the virus transmission in these locations. This study provides valuable insights to a better understanding of the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of HVC-1 in Portugal.
HVC-1 is a virus with a worldwide distribution, known to cause infertility problems, reproductive disorders, and neonatal mortality in dogs. In Europe, several studies indicate a high prevalence of anti-HVC-1 antibodies in domestic dogs, with a higher incidence in animals belonging to breeding kennels. Yet, in Portugal, only a few studies have been conducted on this subject. This study aimed to perform the molecular diagnosis of HCV-1 in dogs from four breeding kennels in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Metropolitan Region, to compare virus excretion at ocular, nasal and genital level, and to assess the seroprevalence of anti-HCV-1 IgG antibodies in these communities. During the month of August 2022, sample collection was made and ocular (n=40), nasal (n=39), vaginal (n=28) and preputial (n=12) swabs were collected from 40 dogs (28 females, 12 males) belonging to four breeding kennels. The presence of HCV-1 infection was assessed by conventional PCR with specific primers to amplify the glycoprotein B gene. An ELISA test was carried out on serum samples to detect HCV-1 IgG antibodies. Of the 40 animals tested, 35 were positive for the HVC-1 PCR (77,50%), with positive results identified in all anatomical locations analyzed, although a higher frequency of positive results was observed in vaginal (64,29%) and preputial swabs (41,67%). Infection frequencies of 55,56%, 73,33%, 87,50%, and 100% were found in the four kennels studied. The studied population showed a seroprevalence of anti-HVC-1 IgG antibodies of 100%, indicating that all animals, except for one that was vaccinated, had prior contact with the virus; 27,5% (11/40) of the animals had high antibody titers. The obtained results highlight the ubiquitous presence of HVC-1 in the studied populations, emphasizing the importance of proper animal management and the need to implement preventive measures to control the virus transmission in these locations. This study provides valuable insights to a better understanding of the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of HVC-1 in Portugal.
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, HERPESVÍRUS, DIAGNÓSTICOS MOLECULARES, PCR, REPRODUÇÃO ANIMAL, INFERTILIDADE ANIMAL, ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE LISBOA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, DOGS, HERPESVIRUSES, MOLECULAR DIAGNOSES, ANIMAL BREEDING, ANIMAL INFERTILITY, LISBON METROPOLITAN AREA