Ação antidiabética de compostos de origem natural
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2021
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A Diabetes mellitus (Dm) é uma doença crónica de origem metabólica que é caracterizada por hiperglicemia resultante da deficiente produção e libertação de insulina pelo pâncreas, da resistência à ação da insulina ou ambas. A Dm pode ser classificada em três tipos principais: a Diabetes mellitus Tipo I (DMTI), a Diabetes mellitus Tipo II (DMTII) e a Diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG). A DMTII é o tipo mais comum de diabetes. Ao longo das últimas décadas, tem havido um aumento da taxa de incidência da Dm em todo o mundo devido a fatores como o estilo de vida sedentário e a obesidade.
No tratamento farmacológico da Dm são utilizadas diversas classes farmacoterapêuticas administradas por via oral, incluindo os inibidores da alfa (α)-glicosidase intestinal.
O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar a atividade inibitória da α-glicosidase de alguns compostos naturais presentes nas plantas do género Plectranthus in vitro, nomeadamente, a 7α-Acetoxi-6β-hidroxiroileanona (Roy), a 6,7-Desidroroileanona (Deroy) e a Coleona U (CU).
Segundo os resultados obtidos, os compostos Roy e CU revelaram baixa atividade inibitória da enzima α-glicosidase e, consequentemente, ação antidiabética diminuída. Relativamente a Deroy, este composto não apresentou atividade inibitória enzimática e, por isso, não mostrou atividade antidiabética por este mecanismo de ação.
Diabetes mellitus (Dm) is a chronic disease of metabolic origin that is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from deficiency in the production and release of insulin by the pancreas, resistance to the action of insulin or both. Dm can be classified in three main types: Type I Diabetes mellitus (DMTI), Type II Diabetes mellitus (DMTII) and Gestational Diabetes mellitus (DMG). DMTII is the most common type of diabetes. Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the incidence rate of Dm worldwide due to factors such as sedentary lifestyle and obesity. In the pharmacological treatment of Dm several pharmacotherapeutic classes administered orally are used, including intestinal alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitors. The present work has as main objective to evaluate the inhibitory activity of α-glycosidase of some isolated natural compounds present in plants of the genus Plectranthus in vitro, namely, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy), 6, 7-Dehydroroyleanone (Deroy) and Coleon U (CU). According to the results obtained, the compounds Roy and CU showed low inhibitory activity of the enzyme α-glycosidase and, consequently, weak antidiabetic action. Regarding Deroy, this compound did not show enzyme inhibitory activity and, therefore, did not show antidiabetic activity by this mechanism of action.
Diabetes mellitus (Dm) is a chronic disease of metabolic origin that is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from deficiency in the production and release of insulin by the pancreas, resistance to the action of insulin or both. Dm can be classified in three main types: Type I Diabetes mellitus (DMTI), Type II Diabetes mellitus (DMTII) and Gestational Diabetes mellitus (DMG). DMTII is the most common type of diabetes. Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the incidence rate of Dm worldwide due to factors such as sedentary lifestyle and obesity. In the pharmacological treatment of Dm several pharmacotherapeutic classes administered orally are used, including intestinal alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitors. The present work has as main objective to evaluate the inhibitory activity of α-glycosidase of some isolated natural compounds present in plants of the genus Plectranthus in vitro, namely, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy), 6, 7-Dehydroroyleanone (Deroy) and Coleon U (CU). According to the results obtained, the compounds Roy and CU showed low inhibitory activity of the enzyme α-glycosidase and, consequently, weak antidiabetic action. Regarding Deroy, this compound did not show enzyme inhibitory activity and, therefore, did not show antidiabetic activity by this mechanism of action.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Sofia Fernandes
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, DIABETES, DITERPENOS, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, DITERPENES, DIABETES, ALFA-GLICOSIDASE, ANTIDIABÉTICOS, ALPHA-GLICOSIDASE, ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS