Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Lusófona do Porto, vol. 02, n.º 02 (2013)
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Item Como constroem os juízes a decisão de casos difíceis? R. Posner e o Direito como uma Área Aberta. Algumas reflexões(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Carmo, Sandra Teixeira do; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaIn “How Judges Think” R. Posner’s main purpose is to develop a “cogent, unified, realist and appropriately eclectic account of how judges arrive to their decisions in nonroutine cases”. Because “law” is unnable to generate acceptable answers to all legal questions there’s an open area in which judges have decisional discretion. This article focuses on that concept of “open area” and in how judges behave when they are judging in the open area.Item A lei aplicável à sociedade anónima europeia (societas europaea)(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Pires, César Manuel; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThe possibility of creating a European Company is a reality about ten years. However, there are issues related to the determination of the law applicable to companies of national law with several years of discussion. It is this link between companies under national law of many Member States of the European Union and the possibility of creating a European company which denotes the importance of determining the seat of commercial companies in defining the law applicable to societas europaea; Are we facing an endless web of corporate seats.Item As declarações do arguido e a estrutura acusatória do processo penal português(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Oneto, Isabel; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaChanges to the rules concerning the admissibility of statements read in trial, previously provided by the defendant, despite its apparent simplicity, undermine the criminal procedural architecture projected from the constitutional structure accusatory criminal procedure. The principle that in judging only can be valued the evidence produced before the judge gives rise the production of evidence by the prosecution in the investigation phase.Item Sobre a importância de construir uma teoria do Direito Internacional em face do nacionalismo(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Brito, Paulo de; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThe present essay is based on a lecture delivered on the 25 August 2011 at the KIMEP (Kazakhstan Institute of Management, Economics and Strategic Research). Its principal aim is to explore the relationship between international law and nationalism, whilst arguing that both concepts cannot be viewed as two separate and self-contained realities, but should rather be considered in light of their mutual interaction. The external actions of a nation are reflected internally. Similarly, its internal actions have external repercussions. In this work, such consequences are examined in a nation-state with an authoritarian structure as opposed to those found in a democratic nation-state. Additionally, the concept of nationalism is studied in its variant forms in both these contexts, leading to the premise that an aggressive and expansionist nation-state is unlikely to be guided by a constitution that places a high value on democracy and freedom. A nation which does not respect the liberties of its own nationals will undoubtedly disrespect other States and their nationals, and vice-versa. This begs the question: should international law be irresponsive and neutral in these cases? Although briefly, this work also discusses a personalist or individualist type of nationalism by exploring its foundations and advantages and, consequently, postulating its legitimacy and compatibility with the underlying tenets of international law.Item Crime e contraordenação: por morrerem algumas andorinhas pode acabar a Primavera(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Vilela, Alexandra; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaComments on a case of qualification of an unlawful conduct, in which it might have occurred violation to the principle of "ne bis in idem"Item O nascimento de um novo Estado. A proclamação de independência do Sudão do Sul em 9 de Julho de 2011: o terminus do conflito de Darfur?(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Maia, Catherine; Sousa, Isa António de; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaO nascimento de um novo Estado. A proclamação de independência do Sudão do Sul em 9 de Julho de 2011: o terminus do conflito de Darfur?Item O Regulamento (UE) n.º 1151/2012 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 21 de novembro de 2012, relativo aos regimes de qualidade dos produtos agrícolas e dos géneros alimentícios(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Araújo, Alexandra Rodrigues; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaComments on the Regulation (EU) no 1151/2012Item Reflexões (in)tempestivas sobre qualidade e ética médicas (ou pedaços de nós repartidos em qualidade e ética médicas)(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Costa, José de Faria; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThis article adresses the philosophical, ethical and legal aspects of the substantial meaning of the medical act and the parameters to evaluate their quality. Based on an ethics of responsibility, particularly on an “ethics of sharing”, the study concludes that the quality of the medical act must be set according to an objective point of view, the only one compatible with an onto-anthropological understanding of the community and the medical practice.Item Caraterísticas atuais e transformações ocorridas na compreensão do Estado e da Administração Pública(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Sousa, Nuno J. Vasconcelos Albuquerque e; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaAdministrative law had an important development since the end of World War II and has changed deeply. This study explains these modifications.Item A responsabilidade do Estado por actos médicos: entre a "présomption de faute" francesa e a "objectivização" espanhola – breve resenha comparativa: uma convergência de regimes?(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Sousa, Isa António de; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThis article aims to reveal some essential legal aspects in common of French and Spanish medical liability systems, and to highlight the key points that separate them, and the current trend of both legal and administrative regimes is approaching. Indeed, these medical liability systems, French and Spanish, reveal a pincers movement, so it is curial to say that medical liability models are now more mixed, failing to make sense to strive for "pure systems" relating with "malpractice", applying this idea mutatis mutandis to other European countries, including PortugalItem Procuração forense. Requisitos. Nulidade(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Salabert, Luís Filipe; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaComments on a decision by the Appellate Court of the Judicial District of Coimbra, on the 7th march 2012Item O regime de prescrição dos juros laborais – Comentário ao Acórdão do Tribunal da Relação de Coimbra, de 2 de Março de 2011(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Rouxinol, Milena Silva; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaComments on a decision by the Appellate Court of the Judicial District of Coimbra, on the 2nd march 2011Item A posição jurídica do recluso face à reforma penitenciária de 2009(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Guerreiro, Valdemar; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaSince the beginning of the last century several laws have gradually reformed the prison system. In spite of their adequacy during the periods of their enforcement some of the measures have never been put into practice. Nevertheless it is worth mentioning the legislator main concern regarding the taking care of prisoners, namely with the Prison Reform of 1979 pioneer in the building of the new European prison law. The Law no. 115/2009 of 12th of October currently in force ensures the prisoners’ rights towards the administration by reformulating their legal status and by reinforcing their privileges when serving prison sentence. Those rights are focused on the human dignity and on the effective cooperation with the community.Item A europeização do Direito Constitucional português em matéria de direitos fundamentais – o caso do direito à identidade genética(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Abreu, Lígia Carvalho de; Carvalho, Ana Sofia de Magalhães e; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThis article aims to show the Europeanization of the Portuguese Constitutional Right in the matter of the right to one’s genetic identity. The formal recognition of this Right, in the Constitution, was influenced by the actions of the European Council regarding Biomedical Rights and dates back to 1997’s Revision of the Constitution. Not only did the conclusions of the European Council in this matter influenced the Portuguese Constitution but they also affected other documents of international and regional nature like the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The latter also managed to find its way into our national legislation. Thus, this flow of influences in the matter of the right to one’s genetic identity and the constitutionally of some dispositions of national legislation about medically assisted procreation are the subject of our analysis.Item O regime especial da insolvência de pessoas singulares(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2013) Marques, Letícia; Faculdade de Direito e Ciência PolíticaThis article has for its purpose the boarding of the possibility afforded to debtors who are individuals to have their remaining debts of the bankruptcy process totally discharged. Once a debtor requires a bankruptcy’s declaration, he usually sees their assets to be liquidated. However, their remaining debts would rest until the prescription. As a way to avoid this and because the debtor needs to be reinstated in the market and to be given another chance, a fresh start, debtor can require a discharge. However, in Portugal, this reality’s treatment, although it is a novelty and a solution to this increasingly common indebtedness’ situation, is inadequate, very slow and very tight against the need for a quick, effective and approachable process. Therefore, we propose its revision and we give some possible solutions.