Criminalidade violenta feminina: estudo qualitativo com ofensoras sexuais e homicidas
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2021
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A criminalidade feminina violenta é um fenómeno que tem tido maior visibilidade nos últimos anos, havendo um maior número de estudos sobre o fenómeno, no entanto não há estudos que procurem analisar comparativamente mulheres que cometeram homicídios e mulheres que cometeram crimes sexuais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo explorar e comparar as trajetórias de vida das mulheres que cometeram crimes violentos e que estão a cumprir pena efetiva de prisão, nomeadamente mulheres homicidas e ofensoras sexuais, no sentido de identificar o que as une e o que as diferencia. A amostra foi constituída por nove participantes sem historial de consumo ativo de substâncias psicoativas nem psicopatologia, no presente. Para tal recorreu-se à aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e criminal, do Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos e da Entrevista de História de Vida de McAdams, sendo administrados individualmente. Utilizou-se como metodologia a análise narrativa, recorrendo ao software Nvivo 10. Os resultados indicam diferenças, mas também semelhanças entre as participantes, sendo que a maioria centra a sua narrativa à volta de cinco temas principais, sendo a família, o mais referenciado. Quanto ao crime, este é apenas referenciado pelas homicidas, enquanto as ofensoras sexuais evitam o assunto e tendem a responsabilizar terceiros. Verifica-se que veiculam uma imagem prosocial, procurando manter uma identidade positiva, apesar das adversidades e apresentam-se como sendo resilientes e esperançosas relativamente ao seu futuro. As duas narrativas presentes são narrativas de vitimação/sofrimento e adversidade/resiliência. As homicidas apresentam uma narrativa de adversidade e resiliência e apresentam um maior sofrimento psicológico, enquanto as agressoras sexuais apresentam uma narrativa de adversidade menos violenta e são menos resilientes.
Palavras-Chave: Criminalidade feminina; homicídio; crimes sexuais; análise narrativa.
Violent female crime is a phenomenon that has been more visible in recent years, with a greater number of studies on the phenomenon, however there are no studies that seek to comparatively analyze women who have committed homicides and women who have committed sexual crimes. The present study aims to explore and compare the life trajectories of women who have committed violent crimes and who are serving an effective prison sentence, namely homicidal women, and sex offenders, to identify what unites them and what differentiates them. The sample consisted of nine participants with no history of active consumption of psychoactive substances or psychopathology, at present. For this, a socio-demographic and criminal questionnaire, the Inventory of Psychopathological Symptoms, and the McAdams Life Story Interview were used, being administered individually. Narrative analysis was used as methodology, using the Nvivo 10 software. The results indicate differences, but also similarities between the participants, with the majority centering their narrative around five main themes, the family being the most referenced. As for the crime, it is only referenced by homicides, while sexual offenders avoid the subject and tend to hold third parties responsible. It appears that they convey a prosocial image, seeking to maintain a positive identity, despite the adversities and present themselves as being resilient and hopeful about their future. The two narratives present are narratives of victimization / suffering and adversity / resilience. Homicides present a narrative of adversity and resilience and show greater psychological distress, while sexual aggressors present a narrative of less violent adversity and are less resilient. Keywords: Female crime; murder; sexual crimes; narrative analysis.
Violent female crime is a phenomenon that has been more visible in recent years, with a greater number of studies on the phenomenon, however there are no studies that seek to comparatively analyze women who have committed homicides and women who have committed sexual crimes. The present study aims to explore and compare the life trajectories of women who have committed violent crimes and who are serving an effective prison sentence, namely homicidal women, and sex offenders, to identify what unites them and what differentiates them. The sample consisted of nine participants with no history of active consumption of psychoactive substances or psychopathology, at present. For this, a socio-demographic and criminal questionnaire, the Inventory of Psychopathological Symptoms, and the McAdams Life Story Interview were used, being administered individually. Narrative analysis was used as methodology, using the Nvivo 10 software. The results indicate differences, but also similarities between the participants, with the majority centering their narrative around five main themes, the family being the most referenced. As for the crime, it is only referenced by homicides, while sexual offenders avoid the subject and tend to hold third parties responsible. It appears that they convey a prosocial image, seeking to maintain a positive identity, despite the adversities and present themselves as being resilient and hopeful about their future. The two narratives present are narratives of victimization / suffering and adversity / resilience. Homicides present a narrative of adversity and resilience and show greater psychological distress, while sexual aggressors present a narrative of less violent adversity and are less resilient. Keywords: Female crime; murder; sexual crimes; narrative analysis.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Rita Conde Dias
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA DA JUSTIÇA, PSICOLOGIA, CRIMINALIDADE FEMININA, HOMICÍDIO, CRIMES SEXUAIS, ANÁLISE NARRATIVA, PSYCHOLOGY, FEMALE CRIMINALITY, HOMICIDE, SEX CRIMES, NARRATIVE ANALYSIS