Eficácia de programas de intervenção na parentalidade em mães expostas a violência nas relações de intimidade : revisão sistemática
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2022
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A investigação psicológica tem sistematicamente demonstrado que crianças expostas à VRI
estão em maior risco de trajetórias desenvolvimentais desadaptativas. Os comportamentos
parentais e a qualidade da relação mãe-criança têm sido sugeridos como mecanismos
explicativos das diferenças interindividuais entre as crianças no impacto da exposição à VRI
e nos seus resultados de desenvolvimento. Assim, a intervenção na parentalidade surge como
objetivo central para promoção do ajustamento psicológico da criança em contextos de
violência familiar. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar de forma
sistemática a investigação empírica gerada sobre a eficácia das intervenções na parentalidade
e/ou na relação mãe-criança em contexto de VRI.
Utilizando as recomendações PRISMA, foi efetuado em janeiro de 2021 um levantamento
sistemático da literatura científica publicada entre janeiro de 1996 a janeiro de 2021 em
revistas indexadas nas bases de dados eletrónicas PubMed e Web of Science e PsycInfo.
Tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente definidos, foram incluídos
nove artigos na presente revisão sistemática. Como principais resultados, conclui-se que os
programas que focaram o bem-estar do relacionamento entre mães e filhos levaram a
resultados mais positivos do que os programas que intervieram apenas pais e filhos de forma
separada. As intervenções que focaram em dimensões da vinculação e na qualidade da
relação mãe-criança após exposição à VRI apresentaram melhores resultados na melhoria de
diferentes indicadores da parentalidade. No entanto, algumas limitações metodológicas dos
estudos condicionam a interpretação e a generalização dos resultados. As implicações
clínicas dos resultados são discutidas.
Psychological investigation has systematically demonstrated that children exposed to VRI are at increased risk for maladaptive developmental trajectories. Parenting behaviors and the quality of the mother-infant relationship have been suggested as explanatory mechanisms for inter-individual differences among children in the impact of exposure to VRI and its developmental outcomes. Thus, intervention in parenting emerges as a central objective to promote the child's psychological adjustment in contexts of family violence. The main objective of the present study was to systematically analyze the empirical investigation generated on the effectiveness of interventions in parenting and/or in the mother-child relationship in the context of VRI. Using the PRISMA recommendations, a systematic survey of the scientific literature published between January 1996 and January 2021 in magazines indexed in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science and PsycInfo was carried out in January 2021. Taking into account the previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were included in this systematic review. As main results, it is concluded that programs that focused on the well-being of the relationship between mothers and children led to more positive results than programs that intervened only parents and children separately. Interventions that focused on attachment dimensions and the quality of the mother-infant relationship after exposure to VRI showed better results in improving different indicators of parenting. However, some methodological limitations of the studies affect the interpretation and generalization of the results. The clinical implications of the results are discussed.
Psychological investigation has systematically demonstrated that children exposed to VRI are at increased risk for maladaptive developmental trajectories. Parenting behaviors and the quality of the mother-infant relationship have been suggested as explanatory mechanisms for inter-individual differences among children in the impact of exposure to VRI and its developmental outcomes. Thus, intervention in parenting emerges as a central objective to promote the child's psychological adjustment in contexts of family violence. The main objective of the present study was to systematically analyze the empirical investigation generated on the effectiveness of interventions in parenting and/or in the mother-child relationship in the context of VRI. Using the PRISMA recommendations, a systematic survey of the scientific literature published between January 1996 and January 2021 in magazines indexed in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science and PsycInfo was carried out in January 2021. Taking into account the previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were included in this systematic review. As main results, it is concluded that programs that focused on the well-being of the relationship between mothers and children led to more positive results than programs that intervened only parents and children separately. Interventions that focused on attachment dimensions and the quality of the mother-infant relationship after exposure to VRI showed better results in improving different indicators of parenting. However, some methodological limitations of the studies affect the interpretation and generalization of the results. The clinical implications of the results are discussed.
Descrição
Orientação: Diogo Jorge Pereira do Vale Lamela da Silva. ; Co-orientação: Inês Martins Jongenelen
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, VIOLÊNCIA NAS RELAÇÕES DE INTIMIDADE, PARENTALIDADE, PROGRAMAS DE INTERVENÇÃO, PSYCHOLOGY, INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE, PARENTHOOD, INTERVENTION PROGRAMS