Patologia e clínica de anfíbios num parque zoológico
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2012
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No âmbito da medicina veterinária de parques zoológicos o grupo dos anfíbios é um dos que tem menos casuística relatada, sendo a prática clínica, comparativamente aos outros grupos de animais, ainda pouco desenvolvida.
A presente dissertação procurou identificar e sistematizar as doenças mais comuns presentes em anfíbios em cativeiro num parque zoológico, bem como a sua apresentação clínica e etiologia. O trabalho foi realizado entre 30-06-2010 e 06-01-2012. Foram observados um total de 24 animais de diferentes espécies. O critério de inclusão teve por base a presença de lesões ou achados anómalos observados ainda em vida ou durante a necropsia. Como exames complementares de diagnóstico recorreu-se a histopatologia, microbiologia, imagiologia e necropsia para obtenção de dados adicionais. Os vários casos clínicos observados foram divididos em diferentes grupos de doença, nomeadamente doenças bacterianas (5 casos), doenças fúngicas (1 caso), doenças parasitárias (11 casos), doenças nutricionais (8 casos), doenças cutâneas (9 casos) e outras doenças (2 casos). Foram observados casos não reportados até à data, no conhecimento do autor, nomeadamente infecção por Rhodoccocus spp. e vesículas no tracto reprodutor de feminino. As doenças mais observadas foram dermossepticemia bacteriana, obstruções gastrointestinais, úlceras cutâneas e doença óssea metabólica. Observou-se também que a presença de parasitas apenas no tracto gastrointestinal não se encontra associado a doenças. Verificou-se que nestes animais o recurso a histopatologia é bastante importante uma vez que revela lesões que não são observáveis macroscopicamente. Salienta-se ainda a importância de um maneio correcto na prevenção das doenças.
Concerning zoological medicine, amphibians are one of the groups with less reported information and with a less advanced clinical knowledge, compared with other groups of animals. The following dissertation aimed to identify and systemize the most common diseases observed in an amphibian collection at a zoological park, as well as their clinical presentation and etiology. This was carried out between 30-06-2013 and 06-01-2012. A total of 24 animals from different species were observed. The inclusion criteria was the presence of lesions or abnormal findings seen during the animal’s lifetime or at necropsy. Histopathology, microbiology, diagnostic imaging and necropsy were performed whenever deemed necessary. Clinical cases were split in different groups of diseases, namely: bacterial (5 cases), fungal (1 case), parasitic (11 cases), nutritional (8 cases), cutaneous (9 cases) and other diseases (2 cases). To the author’s knowledge, some of the cases seen in these amphibians have not been reported to this date, specifically an infection by Rhodoccocus spp. and the presence of cysts in a female reproductive tract. Throughout this study, the most frequently observed diseases were: bacterial dermatosepticemia, gastrointestinal impactions, cutaneous ulcerations and metabolic bone disease. The presence of intestinal parasites was usually not associated with disease. The importance of histopathology stood out, once it was able to show lesions which weren’t suspected at macroscopic evaluation of some animals. It should be stressed that a correct husbandry is essential for diseases prevention.
Concerning zoological medicine, amphibians are one of the groups with less reported information and with a less advanced clinical knowledge, compared with other groups of animals. The following dissertation aimed to identify and systemize the most common diseases observed in an amphibian collection at a zoological park, as well as their clinical presentation and etiology. This was carried out between 30-06-2013 and 06-01-2012. A total of 24 animals from different species were observed. The inclusion criteria was the presence of lesions or abnormal findings seen during the animal’s lifetime or at necropsy. Histopathology, microbiology, diagnostic imaging and necropsy were performed whenever deemed necessary. Clinical cases were split in different groups of diseases, namely: bacterial (5 cases), fungal (1 case), parasitic (11 cases), nutritional (8 cases), cutaneous (9 cases) and other diseases (2 cases). To the author’s knowledge, some of the cases seen in these amphibians have not been reported to this date, specifically an infection by Rhodoccocus spp. and the presence of cysts in a female reproductive tract. Throughout this study, the most frequently observed diseases were: bacterial dermatosepticemia, gastrointestinal impactions, cutaneous ulcerations and metabolic bone disease. The presence of intestinal parasites was usually not associated with disease. The importance of histopathology stood out, once it was able to show lesions which weren’t suspected at macroscopic evaluation of some animals. It should be stressed that a correct husbandry is essential for diseases prevention.
Descrição
Orientação : Nuno Marques Pereira ;
co-orientação : Pedro Faísca
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, ANFÍBIOS, AMPHIBIANS, PATOLOGIA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, PRÁTICAS PROFISSIONAIS, PROFESSIONAL PRACTICES, VETERINARY MEDICINE, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, PARQUES ZOOLÓGICOS, ZOOS