Eficácia da estimulação cognitiva computorizada no envelhecimento saudável : revisão sistemática da literatura
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Data
2022
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O aumento do índice de envelhecimento populacional nas últimas décadas tem
colocado em evidência os problemas associados a esta fase do ciclo de vida.
Consequentemente, a promoção de melhores condições de vida na terceira idade e as
estratégias de envelhecimento ativo surgem como uma prioridade nas sociedades atuais.
Neste projeto pretendeu-se explorar a eficácia das intervenções de estimulação cognitiva
apoiadas nas novas tecnologias com o intuito de compreender a eficácia da intervenção
neuropsicológica com base em jogos de suporte digital através da promoção da função
cognitiva. Procurou conhecer quais as funções cognitivas mais vulneráveis ao
envelhecimento; quais os domínios frequentemente utilizados nos programas de intervenção
(domínio único ou em múltiplos domínios) e qual o nível ótimo de frequência e intensidade
de estimulação cognitiva usados nos jogos de suporte digital. Através desta revisão
sistemática, foram abordadas estas questões para informar sobre quais as características mais
eficazes da estimulação cognitiva baseadas em novas tecnologias e contribuindo para o
desenvolvimento futuro de melhores programas de intervenção no envelhecimento.
Os resultados suportam melhorias significativas na maioria dos grupos
intervencionados a partir de programas de treino cognitivo computorizado quando
comparados com os grupos de controlo ativo.
No que respeita à intervenção, o multidomínio tem maior prevalência, na medida em
que foram elaboradas diversas atividades estimulantes de modo a envolver um maior número
de funções cognitivas. Quanto à frequência das sessões, conclui-se que o plano de
intervenção mais eficaz encontra-se entre as 3 sessões e as 5 sessões por semana.
Relativamente à duração das mesmas, as intervenções que resultaram em maior eficácia eram
constituídas por sessões de tempo superior a 30 minutos.
The increase in the population aging rate in recent decades has highlighted the problems associated with this phase of the life cycle. Consequently, the promotion of better living conditions in the elderly and active aging strategies emerge as a priority in today's societies. This project aimed to explore the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation interventions supported by new technologies in order to understand the effectiveness of neuropsychological intervention based on digital support games through the promotion of cognitive function. It sought to know which cognitive functions are most vulnerable to aging; which domains are frequently used in intervention programs (single domain or in multiple domains) and which is the optimal level of frequency and intensity of cognitive stimulation used in digital support games. Through this systematic review, these questions were addressed to inform about the most effective features of cognitive stimulation based on new technologies and contributing to the future development of better intervention programs in aging. The results support significant improvements in most intervention groups from computerized cognitive training programs when compared to active control groups. Regarding the intervention, the multidomain is more prevalent, insofar as several stimulating activities were developed in order to involve a greater number of cognitive functions. As for the frequency of sessions, it is concluded that the most effective intervention plan is between 3 sessions and 5 sessions per week. Regarding their duration, the interventions that resulted in greater effectiveness consisted of sessions lasting longer than 30 minutes.
The increase in the population aging rate in recent decades has highlighted the problems associated with this phase of the life cycle. Consequently, the promotion of better living conditions in the elderly and active aging strategies emerge as a priority in today's societies. This project aimed to explore the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation interventions supported by new technologies in order to understand the effectiveness of neuropsychological intervention based on digital support games through the promotion of cognitive function. It sought to know which cognitive functions are most vulnerable to aging; which domains are frequently used in intervention programs (single domain or in multiple domains) and which is the optimal level of frequency and intensity of cognitive stimulation used in digital support games. Through this systematic review, these questions were addressed to inform about the most effective features of cognitive stimulation based on new technologies and contributing to the future development of better intervention programs in aging. The results support significant improvements in most intervention groups from computerized cognitive training programs when compared to active control groups. Regarding the intervention, the multidomain is more prevalent, insofar as several stimulating activities were developed in order to involve a greater number of cognitive functions. As for the frequency of sessions, it is concluded that the most effective intervention plan is between 3 sessions and 5 sessions per week. Regarding their duration, the interventions that resulted in greater effectiveness consisted of sessions lasting longer than 30 minutes.
Descrição
Orientação: Jorge Oliveira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, ESTIMULAÇÃO COGNITIVA, ENVELHECIMENTO, REALIDADE VIRTUAL, JOGOS, PSYCHOLOGY, COGNITIVE STIMULATION, AGEING, VIRTUAL REALITY, GAMES