Avaliação do desenvolvimento motor em crianças de 8 e 9 anos das escolas públicas municipais da cidade de Campina Grande - PB
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Data
2006
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Hoje, pesquisadores vêem procurando estabelecer características essenciais do
processo de desenvolvimento infantil e, descobriram que, embora as crianças
progridam passando pelas mesmas etapas, apresentam diferenças quanto à
idade em que se tornam aptas e capazes de executar certas atividades. Essas
diferenças no desenvolvimento podem ser atribuídas ao ritmo próprio de
maturação de cada criança e às diferentes situações de aprendizagem a que
cada uma tem acesso. Quando se trabalha Educação Física com crianças, é de
fundamental importância o conhecimento e aplicação da psicomotricidade, pois,
quando falamos em movimento, nos referimos principalmente à mesma, a qual é
uma importante dimensão da cultura e desenvolvimento humanos, trabalhando
diretamente com o movimento infantil e sua aprendizagem. O objetivo desta
pesquisa foi avaliar os aspectos psicomotores em crianças das escolas públicas
municipais da cidade de Campina Grande, PB. A amostra probabilística foi
composta por 346 sujeitos, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária compreendida
entre 8 e 9 anos. A instrumentação foi constituída por testes neuro-musculares:
abdominal e sentar-e-alcançar modificado; e exames motores criados por Vayer
para mensurar a primeira e segunda infância, os quais compreendem testes de
coordenação óculo-manual, equilíbrio (Ozeretski/Guilman), organização látero espacial (Piaget e Head) e lateralidade (Harris). Os dados obtidos foram
analisados no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.0 para
Windows). Para todos os procedimentos estatísticos foi adotado o nível de
significância de p=0,05. O dimensionamento amostral foi analisado por tabelas de
distribuição de freqüência; as correlações entre as variáveis foram realizadas
através do teste do qui-quadrado corrigido de Yates. Os resultados encontrados
foram apresentados em forma de gráficos, tomando-se como base a literatura
pesquisada. Nos resultados encontramos a maioria dos valores dentro do padrão
de normalidade para a faixa etária em questão, no entanto foram encontrados
números preocupantes, como baixo peso das crianças pesquisadas. Palavras-chave: Desempenho motor. Flexibilidade. Resistência muscular.
Nowadays researchers have been trying to establish essential characteristics of childish development process and they have found that, although children develop passing trough the same phases, there are differences in the age they become able and capable to perform certain activities. These differences in the development process may be credited to each child´s own rhythm of maturation and to different learning situations which each one has access to. When working with children in Physical Education, the knowledge and the use of psychomotricity is of fundamental importance, because, when we talk about movement we mainly refer to it. It is an important dimension of human culture and development, directly working with childish movement and its learning. The objective of this research was to evaluate psychomotor aspects in children of public schools in the town of Campina Grande, PB. Probabilistic sample was of 346 subjects of both the sexes, aging from 8 to 9 years old. Instrumentation was composed of neuromuscular tests: sit-ups and modified sit-and-reach; and motor exams created by Vayer for measuring first and second childhood, which comprehend tests of ocular-manual coordination, balance (Ozeretski/Guilman) lateral-spatial organization (Piaget) and laterality (Harris). Obtained data was analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.0 for Windows, version 6) software. For all the statistical procedures it was adopted the significance level p=0,05. Sample dimension was analyzed by tables of frequency distribution; correlations among variables were made trough the chi-square test, Yates´ corrected. The results found were presented by means of graphs based on researched literature. In the results we found most of the values were in the normal pattern for the age in question, but worrying numbers were found, as low weight, in researched children. Key-words: Motor performance. Flexibility. Muscular resistance.
Nowadays researchers have been trying to establish essential characteristics of childish development process and they have found that, although children develop passing trough the same phases, there are differences in the age they become able and capable to perform certain activities. These differences in the development process may be credited to each child´s own rhythm of maturation and to different learning situations which each one has access to. When working with children in Physical Education, the knowledge and the use of psychomotricity is of fundamental importance, because, when we talk about movement we mainly refer to it. It is an important dimension of human culture and development, directly working with childish movement and its learning. The objective of this research was to evaluate psychomotor aspects in children of public schools in the town of Campina Grande, PB. Probabilistic sample was of 346 subjects of both the sexes, aging from 8 to 9 years old. Instrumentation was composed of neuromuscular tests: sit-ups and modified sit-and-reach; and motor exams created by Vayer for measuring first and second childhood, which comprehend tests of ocular-manual coordination, balance (Ozeretski/Guilman) lateral-spatial organization (Piaget) and laterality (Harris). Obtained data was analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.0 for Windows, version 6) software. For all the statistical procedures it was adopted the significance level p=0,05. Sample dimension was analyzed by tables of frequency distribution; correlations among variables were made trough the chi-square test, Yates´ corrected. The results found were presented by means of graphs based on researched literature. In the results we found most of the values were in the normal pattern for the age in question, but worrying numbers were found, as low weight, in researched children. Key-words: Motor performance. Flexibility. Muscular resistance.
Descrição
Orientação: António Teodoro ; co-orientação: António Palmeira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCATION, CRIANÇAS, CHILDREN, DESENVOLVIMENTO MOTOR, MOTOR DEVELOPMENT, FLEXIBILIDADE MUSCULAR, MUSCULAR FLEXIBILITY, RESISTÊNCIA FÍSICA, ENDURANCE, ENSINO PÚBLICO, PUBLIC EDUCATION, DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL, CHILD DEVELOPMENT, PSICOMOTRICIDADE, PSYCHOMOTRICITY, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, BRASIL, BRAZIL