Estudo sobre intoxicações em animais de companhia no concelho de Loures
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2016
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No presente estudo, foram observados 43 casos de intoxicação ou suspeita de
intoxicação, em gatos e cães, durante 4 meses. Os 43 casos foram obtidos através da
distribuição de questionários em centros de atendimento médico veterinário no concelho de
Loures.
Este estudo teve como objetivo a caracterização das intoxicações tendo em conta as
características intrínsecas dos animais (espécie, género, via de intoxicação, idade, o habitat:
meio rural ou meio urbano e o tipo de ambiente: indoor, outdoor ou ambos), verificando
quais as intoxicações que ocorreram com maior frequência, a sua causa, os sinais clínicos
associados, os exames complementares mais solicitados, o tratamento aplicado e a taxa de
mortalidade resultante dessa intoxicação.
Após análise estatística verificou-se que as intoxicações ocorreram maioritariamente em
cães (72,1%). O género mais afetado em cães foram fêmeas (51,2%) e machos (83,2%) em
gatos. Os cães eram maioritariamente de raça determinada (58,1%) e os gatos indeterminada
(91,7%) e a maioria da amostra pertencia à faixa adulto (53,5%). De acordo com o tipo de
ambiente, os cães encontravam-se outdoor (51,6%) e os gatos indoor (58,3%) e ambos em
meio rural (69,8%). Os xenobióticos mais implicados nas intoxicações foram os fármacos em
cães (29,0%) e gatos (50,0%), seguido dos rodenticidas e herbicidas/pesticidas (22,6%) em
cães e os xenobióticos naturais em gatos (33,3%) e a via mais implicada foi a via oral
(72,1%). Os sinais clínicos apresentados pelos animais foram sinais do sistema digestivo
(93,0%), seguido dos sistemas nervoso (65,1%) e cardíaco (48,8%). Verificou-se que as
maiores taxas de mortalidade se verificaram nos animais com sinais clínicos de cinco
sistemas ou aparelhos de órgãos (75,0%), com sinais clínicos do aparelho urinário (70,0%) e
com intoxicação por etilenoglicol (100%) e rodenticidas (62,5%). Os exames
complementares mais solicitados foram as bioquímicas sanguíneas (30,2%) e hemograma
(27,9%). Os tratamentos que apresentaram menor taxa de mortalidade foram: os banhos (0%);
a antibioterapia, lavagens orais com clorhexidina, sedativos, corticosteroides, barbitúricos e
benzodiazepinas (20,0%); provocar a emese (20,0%); administração de carvão ativado
(26,7%) e antídoto (30,0%).
In the present study, we observed 43 cases of poisoning or suspected poisoning in cats and dogs, during four months. The 43 cases were obtained by distributing questionnaires in veterinary medical care centers in Loures municipality. This study aimed to characterize the poisoning cases taking into account the intrinsic characteristics of the animals (species, gender, intoxication route, age, habitat: rural or urban and the type of environment: indoor, outdoor or both), verifying which poisonings occurred more frequently, the etiology, the associated clinical signs, the most requested laboratory tests, the treatment applied and the resulting mortality rate of the poisoning. After statistical analysis it was found that the intoxication occurred mainly in dogs (72,1%). The gender most affected in dogs were female (51,2%) and male (83,2%) in cats. Dogs were mainly purebreed (58,1%) and cats crossbreed (91,7%) and they were all mainly adults (53,5%). According to the type of environment, dogs were mainly found outdoor (51,6%) and cats indoor (58,3%) and both in rural areas (69,8%). The most frequent xenobiotic involved were drugs in dogs (29,0%) and cats (50,0%), followed by rodenticides and herbicides/pesticides (22,6%) in dogs and natural xenobiotics in cats (33,3%) and the most implicated route was the oral route (72,1%). The clinical signs presented more frequently by the animals were signs of the digestive system (93,0%), followed by the nervous system (65,1%) and cardiac (48,8%). It was found that the highest mortality rates were found in animals with clinical signs of five organ systems or devices (75,0%), with clinical signs of the urinary tract (70,0%) and in ethyleneglycol (100%) and rodenticides (62,5%) poisoning. The most frequently ordered complementary diagnosis tests were blood biochemicals (30.2%) and hemogram (27,9%). The treatments that had the lowest mortality rate were: baths (0%); antibiotic treatment, oral rinses with chlorhexidine, sedatives, corticosteroids, barbiturates and benzodiazepines (20,0%); to induce emesis (20%); administration of activated charcoal (26,7%) and antidote (30,0%).
In the present study, we observed 43 cases of poisoning or suspected poisoning in cats and dogs, during four months. The 43 cases were obtained by distributing questionnaires in veterinary medical care centers in Loures municipality. This study aimed to characterize the poisoning cases taking into account the intrinsic characteristics of the animals (species, gender, intoxication route, age, habitat: rural or urban and the type of environment: indoor, outdoor or both), verifying which poisonings occurred more frequently, the etiology, the associated clinical signs, the most requested laboratory tests, the treatment applied and the resulting mortality rate of the poisoning. After statistical analysis it was found that the intoxication occurred mainly in dogs (72,1%). The gender most affected in dogs were female (51,2%) and male (83,2%) in cats. Dogs were mainly purebreed (58,1%) and cats crossbreed (91,7%) and they were all mainly adults (53,5%). According to the type of environment, dogs were mainly found outdoor (51,6%) and cats indoor (58,3%) and both in rural areas (69,8%). The most frequent xenobiotic involved were drugs in dogs (29,0%) and cats (50,0%), followed by rodenticides and herbicides/pesticides (22,6%) in dogs and natural xenobiotics in cats (33,3%) and the most implicated route was the oral route (72,1%). The clinical signs presented more frequently by the animals were signs of the digestive system (93,0%), followed by the nervous system (65,1%) and cardiac (48,8%). It was found that the highest mortality rates were found in animals with clinical signs of five organ systems or devices (75,0%), with clinical signs of the urinary tract (70,0%) and in ethyleneglycol (100%) and rodenticides (62,5%) poisoning. The most frequently ordered complementary diagnosis tests were blood biochemicals (30.2%) and hemogram (27,9%). The treatments that had the lowest mortality rate were: baths (0%); antibiotic treatment, oral rinses with chlorhexidine, sedatives, corticosteroids, barbiturates and benzodiazepines (20,0%); to induce emesis (20%); administration of activated charcoal (26,7%) and antidote (30,0%).
Descrição
Orientação : Nuno Cardoso ; co-orientação : Pedro Almeida
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, GATOS, TOXICOLOGIA, LOURES, FOODBORNE DISEASES, DOGS, CATS, TOXICOLOGY, LOURES, PORTUGAL, PORTUGAL, INTOXICAÇÃO ALIMENTAR, ANIMAIS DE COMPANHIA, COMPANION ANIMALS, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, FELÍDEOS, FELIDS, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, XENOBIÓTICOS, XENOBIOTICS, INTOXICAÇÃO, INTOXICATION