Associações entre carga percetiva, atenção e distração em cenários ecológicos
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2024
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A teoria da carga perceptiva, esclarece como a quantidade de informação num cenário visual influencia a atenção seletiva. Este estudo visa replicar e expandir essa teoria, utilizando estímulos familiares (frutas) numa tarefa computadorizada de forma a aumentar a validade ecológica. O objetivo do estudo é perceber como diferentes cargas perceptivas afetam a procura e seleção de estímulos, além do efeito de distração. Participaram jovens adultos em tarefas visuais e questionários de interferência cognitiva. Os resultados mostraram que os tempos de reação de procura visual foram mais rápidos em condições de baixa carga comparados a condições de alta carga. Também foram observados tempos de reação mais rápidos em ensaios congruentes. Houve uma interação significativa entre carga perceptiva e congruência dos ensaios, com maior efeito de distração em altas cargas. Uma análise de t-test pareado confirmou essa diferença. Relativamente à precisão, foi encontrado efeito da congruência, mas a diferença entre altas e baixas cargas não foi significativa. Não houve associações significativas com as medidas do QFC e Stroop. Estes resultados sugerem que a carga perceptiva influencia, o tempo de reação e a distração, oferecendo uma compreensão mais detalhada sobre a atenção em ambientes mais complexos e com potencial aplicação em cenários diários.
Perceptual load theory, central in cognitive psychology, explains how the amount of information in a visual scene impacts selective attention. This study aims to replicate and extend this theory by using familiar stimulis (fruits) in a computerized task to increase ecological validity. The study's goal was to understand how different perceptual loads affect stimulus search and selection, as well as the distraction effect. Young adult participants were subjected to visual tasks and cognitive interference questionnaires. Results showed that visual search reaction times were faster under low perceptual load compared to high load conditions. Additionally, congruent trials had faster reaction times than incongruent trials. A significant interaction between perceptual load and trial congruency was observed, with a greater distraction effect under high load. A paired t-test confirmed this difference. For accuracy, a congruency effect was found, but the difference between high and low loads it wasn’t significant enough. No significant associations were found with the QFC and Stroop measures. These findings suggest that perceptual load influences both reaction time and distraction, providing a more detailed understanding of attention in complex environments with potential applications in real-world settings.
Perceptual load theory, central in cognitive psychology, explains how the amount of information in a visual scene impacts selective attention. This study aims to replicate and extend this theory by using familiar stimulis (fruits) in a computerized task to increase ecological validity. The study's goal was to understand how different perceptual loads affect stimulus search and selection, as well as the distraction effect. Young adult participants were subjected to visual tasks and cognitive interference questionnaires. Results showed that visual search reaction times were faster under low perceptual load compared to high load conditions. Additionally, congruent trials had faster reaction times than incongruent trials. A significant interaction between perceptual load and trial congruency was observed, with a greater distraction effect under high load. A paired t-test confirmed this difference. For accuracy, a congruency effect was found, but the difference between high and low loads it wasn’t significant enough. No significant associations were found with the QFC and Stroop measures. These findings suggest that perceptual load influences both reaction time and distraction, providing a more detailed understanding of attention in complex environments with potential applications in real-world settings.
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PSYCHOLOGY, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, ATTENTION, VISUAL PERCEPTION, PERCEPTUAL LOAD THEORY, MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, NEUROPSICOLOGIA, ATENÇÃO, PERCEÇÃO VISUAL, TEORIA DA CARGA PERCETIVA, Mestrado em Neuropsicologia Aplicada