Adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern and sociodemographic factors in students of the 3rd cycle of basic education on Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal
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Edições Universitárias Lusófonas
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O padrão alimentar mediterrânico (PAM) tem sido apontado como sendo promotor de saúde e preventor de determinadas doenças crónicas. O objetivo deste estudo era determinar a adesão ao PAM numa amostra de estudantes do 3.º ciclo do ensino básico da ilha Terceira, e a sua relação com fatores sociodemográficos e estado ponderal. A recolha de dados foi realizada entre maio e junho de 2015. Utilizou-se um questionário de aplicação direta que incluía o KIDMED para avaliar a adesão ao PAM. Participaram neste estudo 303 estudantes com idade entre os 11 e os 19 anos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino (57,8%). A maior parte dos estudantes (64,4%) revelou um nível intermédio de adesão ao PAM e a prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 33%. Os rapazes tiveram uma maior percentagem de consumo regular de cereais ao pequeno-almoço e de frutos gordos e consumo diário de 2 iogurtes e/ou 40 g de queijo. Estudantes que tinham uma horta e ajudavam a cuidar dela, ou pertencentes a famílias com mais membros com idade inferior a 18 anos, tinham uma adesão maior ao PAM. Não foram encontradas associações entre outros fatores sociodemográficos com a adesão ao PAM. Face aos resultados encontrados, sugere-se o reforço dos programas de educação alimentar existentes nas escolas, bem como o desenvolvimento de outros com uma abordagem multidisciplinar que promovam a adesão ao PAM.
The Mediterranean food pattern (MFP) has been identified as promoting health and preventing certain chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the adherence to MFP in a sample of students in the 3rd cycle of basic education of the Terceira Island and its relationship with sociodemographic factors and weight status. Data was collected between May and June 2015. A direct application questionnaire that included KIDMED was used to assess adherence to the MFP. A total of 303 students aged between 11 and 19 years old participated in this study, mostly female (57.8%). Most students (64.4%) showed an intermediate level of adherence to the MFP and the prevalence of overweight was 33%. Boys had a higher percentage of regular consumption of breakfast cereals and fatty fruits and daily consumption of two yogurts and/or 40 g of cheese. Students who had a vegetable garden and helped to tend it or who belonged to families with additional members under the age of 18 had greater adherence to MFP. No associations were found between other sociodemographic factors and adherence to MFP. Based on these results, it is suggested to reinforce existing food education programs in schools, as well as develop other programs with a multidisciplinary approach that promotes adherence to the MFP.
The Mediterranean food pattern (MFP) has been identified as promoting health and preventing certain chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the adherence to MFP in a sample of students in the 3rd cycle of basic education of the Terceira Island and its relationship with sociodemographic factors and weight status. Data was collected between May and June 2015. A direct application questionnaire that included KIDMED was used to assess adherence to the MFP. A total of 303 students aged between 11 and 19 years old participated in this study, mostly female (57.8%). Most students (64.4%) showed an intermediate level of adherence to the MFP and the prevalence of overweight was 33%. Boys had a higher percentage of regular consumption of breakfast cereals and fatty fruits and daily consumption of two yogurts and/or 40 g of cheese. Students who had a vegetable garden and helped to tend it or who belonged to families with additional members under the age of 18 had greater adherence to MFP. No associations were found between other sociodemographic factors and adherence to MFP. Based on these results, it is suggested to reinforce existing food education programs in schools, as well as develop other programs with a multidisciplinary approach that promotes adherence to the MFP.
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Oliveira, L, Sousa, F & Silveira, M G 2022, 'Adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern and sociodemographic factors in students of the 3rd cycle of basic education on Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal', Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research : Jornal de Investigação Biomédica e Biofarmacêutica, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 265-277. https://doi.org/10.19277/bbr.19.2.290