Educar na adversidade: necessidades e práticas de apoio escolar no acolhimento residencial – um estudo exploratório
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Algumas conclusões da investigação internacional sobre o Acolhimento Residencial
apontam para uma aparente ênfase nas respostas às necessidades básicas do
quotidiano das crianças e jovens, a par de menor investimento em domínios centrais
ao desenvolvimento adaptativo, como é o caso das práticas educativas (Carvalho, et
al., 2015). Neste domínio, o apoio escolar adquire especial relevância por constituir
um fator protetor do desenvolvimento integral e contribuir para o bem-estar
psicossocial das crianças e jovens acolhidos. No que concerne à realidade nacional, a
literatura evidencia uma escassez de dados que permitam caracterizar a qualidade das
respostas neste âmbito. Neste sentido, com o presente estudo pretendeu-se avaliar as
necessidades e práticas de apoio à aprendizagem escolar, em contexto de
Acolhimento Residencial. Para o efeito, adotou-se uma metodologia de investigação
quantitativa e transversal, aplicada a uma amostra constituída por 33 instituições,
representadas por elementos das equipas diretivas, técnicas ou educativas de Casas de
Acolhimento Residencial (CAR) em território nacional. Os resultados revelam que,
apesar de as Casas de Acolhimento apresentarem planos para a prática do apoio
escolar, escasseiam as respostas específicas para as crianças com algum tipo de
dificuldade cognitiva, assim como os recursos humanos para um apoio
individualizado à aprendizagem. Além disso, verifica-se a necessidade de qualificação
dos profissionais que prestam este apoio. Na avaliação da percepção da prioridade
atribuída à educação escolar, as instituições participantes tendem a atribuir a este
domínio uma prioridade equivalente à dos demais domínios de intervenção. Estes
resultados contribuem para uma identificação inicial das potencialidades e
necessidades da atuação educativa das Casas de Acolhimento Residencial, apresentam
implicações para a prática profissional, e apontam possibilidades de aprofundamento
conceptual e empírico para a investigação futura neste âmbito.
Palavras-chave: Acolhimento residencial, Práticas educativas, Apoio escolar,
Crianças/Jovens.
Some conclusions from international research on Residential Care point to an apparent emphasis on the basic daily needs of children and young people, along with lower investment in developmental adaptive domains such as educational practices (Carvalho, et al., 2015). Specifically, school support is utterly important since it plays a protective developmental role for integral development and promotes the children’s psychosocial well-being. Concerning national reality, the literature search shows a significant scarcity of data to portray and assess the quality of responses in this domain. The present study aimed to describe and evaluate the needs and practices of school learning support in Residential Care settings. Research design followed a quantitative and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 33 institutions represented by directive, technical or educational team members of Residential Care Homes in Portugal. Results show that Residential Care Homes have concrete dispositions for the practice of school support. However, there is a lack of specific responses for children with cognitive problems and a lack of human resources for individualized learning support. In addition, there is a need for the qualification of the professionals who provide this support. Also, the priority attributed to school education by the participating institutions tends to be equivalent to that attributed to other intervention domains. The outcomes of this study represent an initial effort to identify the strengths and needs of the Residential Care educational responses, provide implications for professional practice, and highlight conceptual and empirical questions for future research. Keywords: Residential Care, Educational practices, School support, Children/Youth
Some conclusions from international research on Residential Care point to an apparent emphasis on the basic daily needs of children and young people, along with lower investment in developmental adaptive domains such as educational practices (Carvalho, et al., 2015). Specifically, school support is utterly important since it plays a protective developmental role for integral development and promotes the children’s psychosocial well-being. Concerning national reality, the literature search shows a significant scarcity of data to portray and assess the quality of responses in this domain. The present study aimed to describe and evaluate the needs and practices of school learning support in Residential Care settings. Research design followed a quantitative and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 33 institutions represented by directive, technical or educational team members of Residential Care Homes in Portugal. Results show that Residential Care Homes have concrete dispositions for the practice of school support. However, there is a lack of specific responses for children with cognitive problems and a lack of human resources for individualized learning support. In addition, there is a need for the qualification of the professionals who provide this support. Also, the priority attributed to school education by the participating institutions tends to be equivalent to that attributed to other intervention domains. The outcomes of this study represent an initial effort to identify the strengths and needs of the Residential Care educational responses, provide implications for professional practice, and highlight conceptual and empirical questions for future research. Keywords: Residential Care, Educational practices, School support, Children/Youth
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Orientação: Célia Regina Gomes Oliveira